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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (06) : 687 -690. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2019.06.004

论著

COPD合并肺心病患者的心电图与超声心动图特征比较分析
高瞻1, 王维1, 陈华萍1, 徐新献2, 刘禹1, 郭宇航1, 袁明1, 张明周1, 魏征华1, 蔡晓莲3,()   
  1. 1. 400037 重庆,陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第二附属医院全军呼吸内科研究所
    2. 400062 重庆,重庆市第五人民医院老年医学与全科医学科
    3. 400038 重庆,陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院心血管内科
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-11 出版日期:2019-12-20
  • 通信作者: 蔡晓莲
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1304503)

Comparative analysis of electrocardiogram and echocardiogram for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with chronic cor pulmonale

Zhan Gao1, Wei Wang1, Huaping Chen1, Xinxian Xu2, Yu Liu1, Yuhang Guo1, Ming Yuan1, Mingzhou Zhang1, Zhenghua Wei1, Xiaolian Cai3,()   

  1. 1. Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
    2. Department of Geriatrics and General Medicine, Fifth People's Hospital, Chongqing 400062, China
    3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2019-06-11 Published:2019-12-20
  • Corresponding author: Xiaolian Cai
引用本文:

高瞻, 王维, 陈华萍, 徐新献, 刘禹, 郭宇航, 袁明, 张明周, 魏征华, 蔡晓莲. COPD合并肺心病患者的心电图与超声心动图特征比较分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2019, 12(06): 687-690.

Zhan Gao, Wei Wang, Huaping Chen, Xinxian Xu, Yu Liu, Yuhang Guo, Ming Yuan, Mingzhou Zhang, Zhenghua Wei, Xiaolian Cai. Comparative analysis of electrocardiogram and echocardiogram for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with chronic cor pulmonale[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2019, 12(06): 687-690.

目的

比较慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺心病患者的心电图与超声心动图特征。

方法

回顾性分析我院COPD合并慢性肺源性心脏病患者48例(观察组),无心血管疾病的COPD患者32例(对照组),统计分析入组患者的超声心动图和心电图特征,并比较两种检查对肺心病的诊断价值。

结果

2组患者在年龄、性别、病程和吸烟史方面均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。对照组患者心电图异常为房性早搏为(18.75%),右束支传导阻滞、顺钟向转位、肢体导联低电压均为(6.24%),右心室肥大(3.12%),肺型P波、电轴右偏、室上速均未发现;观察组患者心电图异常为房性早搏(33.33%)、电轴右偏(29.64%)、右束支传导阻滞(22.91%)、肢体导联低电压(22.92%)、肺型P波(14.58%)、顺钟向转位(10.41%)、室上速(8.30%),观察组患者心电图异常的发生率均较对照组患者显著的增高(P<0.05)。超声心动图检查显示观察组RA和RV值较对照组亦有显著的增加(P<0.05)。分析发现心电图对肺心病的检出率为54.17%,超声心动图检出率为85.42%,显著高于心电图(P<0.05)。

结论

心电图和超声心动图是检测心脏疾病的重要手段,各有优缺点,医生在临床工作中可根据患者病情,同时结合心电图和超声心动图结果,早期发现并诊断COPD发生肺心病,以提高肺心病的诊疗水平。

Objective

To analyze the characteristics of echocardiography (ECG) and echocardiogram for the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with chronic cor pulmonale.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was made on 48 patients with COPD complicated with chronic cor pulmonale as the observation group and 32 patients with COPD without any cardiovascular disease as the control group. The characteristics of ECG and electrocardiogram were analyzed and the diagnostic value of the two examinations for chronic cor pulmonale was studied.

Results

There were no significant differences in age, sex, course of disease or smoking history between the two groups (P>0.05). For the control group, the abnormalities of ECG were shown as atrial premature beat in 18.75% of the patients, right bundle branch block in 6.24%, clockwise transposition in 6.24%, low voltage of limb lead in 6.24%, right ventricle and hypertrophy in 3.12%, but pulmonary P wave, right axis deviation or supraventricular tachycardia was not found. While for the observation group, the abnormalities of ECG were shown as atrial premature beat in 33.33% of the patients, right axis deviation in 29.64%, conduction block in 22.91%, limb lead low voltage in 22.92%, pulmonary P wave in 14.58%, clockwise transposition in 10.41%, and supraventricular tachycardia in 8.30%. Obviously, the incidence of abnormal ECGs was significantly higher in the observation group than the control group (P<0.05). Echocardiographic examination showed that the values of RA and RV in the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The detection rate of ECG for cor pulmonale was 54.17%, and that of echocardiography was 85.42%, which was significantly higher than that of ECG (P<0.05).

Conclusion

ECG and echocardiography are important methods to detect heart diseases. They have their own advantages and disadvantages. On the basis of the results of ECG and echocardiography, doctors can detect and diagnose COPD early according to the patient′s conditions, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of COPD complicated with chronic cor pulmonale.

表1 COPD合并肺心病患者心电图特征[n(%)]
表2 COPD合并肺心病患者超声心动图特征
表3 2种检查阳性率比较
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