切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 166 -170. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2022.02.006

论著

医院获得性铜绿假单胞菌肺炎危险因素分析
孙康1, 李王平1, 潘蕾1,(), 金发光1   
  1. 1. 710032 西安,空军军医大学唐都医院呼吸与危重症医学科
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-23 出版日期:2022-04-25
  • 通信作者: 潘蕾
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科技计划项目(2020SF-112)

Risk factorsanalysis for hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Kang Sun1, Wangping Li1, Lei Pan1,(), Faguang Jin1   

  1. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tang Du Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
  • Received:2021-08-23 Published:2022-04-25
  • Corresponding author: Lei Pan
引用本文:

孙康, 李王平, 潘蕾, 金发光. 医院获得性铜绿假单胞菌肺炎危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2022, 15(02): 166-170.

Kang Sun, Wangping Li, Lei Pan, Faguang Jin. Risk factorsanalysis for hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2022, 15(02): 166-170.

目的

分析医院获得性铜绿假单胞菌肺炎的危险因素,指导初始经验性抗菌治疗。

方法

选择空军军医大学第二附属医院2019年1月至2019年6月的所有医院获得性革兰阴性杆菌肺炎(GNB-HAP)患者374例,根据细菌培养结果分为医院获得性铜绿假单胞菌肺炎组(PA-HAP)81例,医院获得性非铜绿假单胞菌肺炎组(non-PA-HAP)293例,在获得呼吸道合格标本当天对变量进行评估,将单因素分析P<0.05的自变量纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,找到因变量的危险因素。

结果

在单因素分析中,与PA-HAP相关的潜在危险因素包括呼吸道标本收集日期距离住院日的天数、未入住ICU、未接受脑科手术、无颅腔引流管、无昏迷、无误吸风险、无脑梗塞、无脑出血、胸科手术、留置胸腔引流管、布地奈德吸入、肿瘤、脾切除术。多因素Logistic回归分析确定PA-HAP的独立危险因素:胸科手术[adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.462, 95%CI 1.237~4.900]、无昏迷(2.516, 1.368~4.627)、布地奈德吸入(1.883, 1.049~3.393)、脾切除术(5.039 , 1.051~24.154)。

结论

住院期间伴有胸科手术、吸入布地奈德、脾切除术而无昏迷的GNB-HAP患者应警惕铜绿假单胞菌感染。

Objective

To analyze the risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so as to guide the initial empirical antimicrobial treatment.

Methods

All of 374 patients with hospital acquired pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacilli(GNB-HAP) in our hospital during January 2019 to June 2019 were included in the study. Patients were divided into hospital acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia group (81 cases) and hospital acquired non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia group (293 cases) according to whether the bacterial culture results were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The variables were assessed on the day when qualified respiratory specimens were obtained. Variables with a P<0.05 in univariable analysis were then included in the multivariablelogistic regression analysis to find the independent risk factor of PA-HAP.

Results

The potential risk factors associated with PA-HAP in the univariate analysiswere Days from the specimens collection date to the date in hospital; no admission to ICU, no Cerebral surgery, no cranial drainage, no coma, no risk of aspiration, no cerebral infarction, no cerebral hemorrhage, thoracic surgery; thoracic drainage; budesonide inhalation; tumor; splenectomy. Theindependent risk factors of PA-HAP determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis included thoracic surgery [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.462, 95%CI 1.237~4.900]; no coma(2.516, 1.368~4.627); budesonide inhalation (1.883, 1.049~3.393); splenectomy (5.039, 1.051~24.15).

Conclusions

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection should be on alert in patients with GNB-HAP who have thoracic surgery, inhaled budesonide, splenectomy and no coma during hospitalization.

表1 PA-HAP组与非PA-HAP组患者来源科室概貌[n(%)]
表2 PA-HAP组与non-PA-HAP组临床资料比较
临床资料 PA HAP组(n=81) Non-PA HAP组(n=293) P 临床特点 PAHAP组(n=81) Non-PA HAP组(n=293) P
性别(男/女) 63/18 211/82 0.300 肺间质纤维化 4 26 0.248
年龄(岁)     0.197 COPD 22 59 0.174
  ≤45 15 41   肺大疱 8 29 0.996
  ≤65 42 146   支扩 8 13 0.096
  >65 24 106   胸腔积液 23 78 0.750
夏秋季节(5~10月) 57 192 0.414 肺癌 14 29 0.065
吸烟     0.717 阻塞性肺炎 3 14 0.913
  39 152   冠心病 12 36 0.547
  <30包年 19 58   心功能衰竭 5 22 0.681
  ≥30包年 18 62   胸部创伤 7 28 0.803
  ≥60包年 5 21   血液系统肿瘤 5 12 0.622
饮酒 20 61 0.454 实体肿瘤 29 76 0.080
外院转入 15 65 0.476 肿瘤 34 88 0.042
呼吸道标本收集日期距离住院日的天数     脑梗塞 5 52 0.010
  <7 d 26 141 0.035 脑出血 17 95 0.047
  ≥7 d 35 89   颅脑创伤 10 48 0.374
  ≥14 d 20 63   脑炎 1 6 0.988
入住ICU 42 194 0.016 高血压3级 17 84 0.168
气管插管 52 191 0.869 前列腺增生症 6 19 0.769
机械通气 48 179 0.765 肾囊肿 9 21 0.247
全麻手术 36 125 0.774 肝囊肿 8 28 0.931
胸科手术 19 25 0.000 骨盆/股骨骨折 2 7 1.000
脑科手术 15 94 0.017 脾切除术 4 3 0.042
最近3个月内入ICU史 3 13 1.000 肾功能不全 4 9 0.639
留置胃管 54 206 0.529 布地奈德吸入 27 65 0.046
留置尿管 54 214 0.260 抑酸剂 58 218 0.612
深静脉置管 34 114 0.617 白细胞计数增高 44 163 0.837
血液净化治疗 2 17 0.389 白细胞计数降低 5 11 0.341
胸腔引流管 25 48 0.004 淋巴细胞计数降低 21 87 0.508
支气管镜 49 166 0.536 单核细胞计数增高 56 215 0.449
颅腔引流管 12 85 0.010 中性粒细胞计数增高 47 180 0.578
昏迷 19 129 0.001 血小板计数升高 13 35 0.328
误吸风险 46 209 0.013 血红蛋白计数降低 50 171 0.585
免疫力低下 39 137 0.824 血浆白蛋白降低 48 165 0.636
休克 12 61 0.228 血浆球蛋白增高 15 54 0.986
呼吸衰竭 29 127 0.223 血肌酐增高 11 34 0.628
糖尿病 10 39 0.820 血尿素氮增高 19 97 0.097
表3 PA-HAP潜在危险因素
表4 PA-HAP独立危险因素
1
万翠翠,李春花,刘 璐,等. 梗阻性黄疸ERCP术后并发肺部感染51例临床分析[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2021, 14(5): 664-666.
2
朱德坤,陈 宇,王 艳,等. 脑梗死后吞咽障碍肺部感染患者病原菌特点分析[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2021, 14(5): 602-604.
3
李雅雯,邱秀燕,李春花,等. 消化性溃疡并发肺部感染79例的临床特征分析[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2021, 14(6): 812-814.
4
中华医学会呼吸病学分会感染学组. 中国成人医院获得性肺炎与呼吸机相关性肺炎诊断和治疗指南(2018年版)[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志2018, 41(4): 255-280.
5
Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, et al. Executive summary: Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of America and the American Thoracic Society.[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 2016, 63(5): 575-582.
6
Torres A, Niederman MS, Chastre J, et al. International ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: Guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) of the European Respiratory Society (ERS), European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax (ALAT).[J]. Eur Respir J, 2017, 50(3): 1700582.
7
Breidenstein EB, de la Fuente-Núñez C, Hancock RE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: all roads lead to resistance.[J]. Trends Microbiol, 2011, 19(8): 419-426.
8
Sousa AM, Pereira MO. Pseudomonas aeruginosa diversification during infection development in cystic fibrosis lungs-A review.[J]. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2014, 3(3): 680-703.
9
Redfern J, Enright MC. Pseudomonas aeruginosa further understanding of′s ability to horizontally acquire virulence: possible intervention strategies[J]. Expert Rev Anti-Infe, 2020, 18(6): 539-549.
10
Petraitis V, Petraitiene R, Naing E, et al. Ceftolozane-tazobactam in the treatment of experimental pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in persistently neutropenic rabbits: impact on strains with genetically defined mechanisms of resistance.[J]. Antimicrob Agents Ch, 2019, 63(9): DOI:10.1128/AAC.00344-19.
11
胡必杰,何礼贤,詹雪妹,等. 痰培养标本质量评估的量化标准探讨——14001次痰细胞学检查与细菌培养结果的比较研究[J]. 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志2001, 21(S1): 36-39.
12
Shorr AF, Zilberberg MD, Reichley R, et al. Validation of a clinical score for assessing the risk of resistant pathogens in patients with pneumonia presenting to the emergency department.[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(2): 193-198.
13
Tabah A, Bassetti M, Kollef MH, et al. Antimicrobial de-escalation in critically ill patients: a position statement from a task force of the european society of intensive care medicine (ESICM) and european society of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases (ESCMID) critically Ⅲ patients study group (ESGCIP).[J]. Intens Care Med, 2020, 46(2): 245-265.
14
Doernberg SB, Chambers HF. Antimicrobial stewardship approaches in the intensive care unit[J]. Infect Dis Clin N Am, 2017, 31(3): 513-534.
15
Gómez-Zorrilla S, Camoez M, Tubau F, et al. Prospective observational study of prior rectal colonization status as a predictor for subsequent development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical infections.[J]. Antimicrob Agents Ch, 2015, 59(9): 5213-5219.
16
Gómez-Zorrilla S, Camoez M, Tubau F, et al. Antibiotic pressure is a major risk factor for rectal colonization by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in critically ill patients.[J]. Antimicrob Agents Ch, 2014, 58(10): 5863-5870.
17
柴菊爱,徐秀萍,方红叶,等. 老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者下呼吸道铜绿假单胞菌感染的危险因素分析[J]. 浙江医学2021, 43(1): 74-79.
18
杨丽青,高凌云. 支气管扩张症患者感染铜绿假单胞菌危险因素分析[J]. 国际呼吸杂志2019, 39(10): 758-761.
19
刘 斌,周瑞清,邢青峰. 老年COPD合并支气管扩张的危险因素分析[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2019, 12(3): 301-305.
20
边伟帅,陈 炜,古旭云,等. 人工气道患者耐碳青霉烯类抗菌药物铜绿假单胞菌肺部感染危险因素[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志2020, 30(18): 2744-2748.
21
Xie L, Chen Z, Guo H, et al. Congenital asplenia interrupts immune homeostasis and leads to excessive systemic inflammation in zebrafish.[J]. Front Cell Infect Mi, 2021, 11: 668859.
22
Mendelson M, Matsoso MP. The world health organization global action plan for antimicrobial resistance[J]. S Afr Med J, 2015, 105(5): 325.
23
Tartof SY, Kuntz JL, Chen LH, et al. Development and assessment of risk scores for carbapenem and extensive β-Lactam resistance among adult hospitalized patients with pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.[J]. JAMA, 2018, 1(6): e183927.
24
Voor In T Holt AF, Severin JA, Lesaffre EM, et al. A systematic review and meta-analyses show that carbapenem use and medical devices are the leading risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.[J]. Antimicrob Agents Ch, 2014, 58(5): 2626-2637.
25
Furtado GH, Gales AC, Perdiz LB, et al. Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an intensive care unit.[J]. Anaesth Intens Care, 2010, 38(6): 994-1001.
26
Zavascki AP, Barth AL, Gaspareto PB, et al. Risk factors for nosocomial infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing metallo-beta-lactamase in two tertiary-care teaching hospitals.[J]. J Antimicrob Chemoth, 2006, 58(4): 882-885.
27
Ohmagari N, Hanna H, Graviss L, et al. Risk factors for infections with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with cancer.[J]. Cancer-Am Cancer Soc, 2005, 104(1): 205-212.
[1] 明昊, 肖迎聪, 巨艳, 宋宏萍. 乳腺癌风险预测模型的研究现状[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 287-291.
[2] 庄燕, 戴林峰, 张海东, 陈秋华, 聂清芳. 脓毒症患者早期生存影响因素及Cox 风险预测模型构建[J/OL]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(05): 372-378.
[3] 黄鸿初, 黄美容, 温丽红. 血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗后粒细胞缺乏感染的危险因素和风险预测模型[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 285-292.
[4] 罗文斌, 韩玮. 胰腺癌患者首次化疗后中重度骨髓抑制的相关危险因素分析及预测模型构建[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 357-362.
[5] 贺斌, 马晋峰. 胃癌脾门淋巴结转移危险因素[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 694-699.
[6] 林凯, 潘勇, 赵高平, 杨春. 造口还纳术后切口疝的危险因素分析与预防策略[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 634-638.
[7] 杨闯, 马雪. 腹壁疝术后感染的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 693-696.
[8] 周艳, 李盈, 周小兵, 程发辉, 何恒正. 不同类型补片联合Nissen 胃底折叠术修补食管裂孔疝的疗效及复发潜在危险因素[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 528-533.
[9] 张伟伟, 陈启, 翁和语, 黄亮. 随机森林模型预测T1 期结直肠癌淋巴结转移的初步研究[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(05): 389-393.
[10] 司楠, 孙洪涛. 创伤性脑损伤后肾功能障碍危险因素的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(05): 300-305.
[11] 颜世锐, 熊辉. 感染性心内膜炎合并急性肾损伤患者的危险因素探索及死亡风险预测[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(07): 618-624.
[12] 李文哲, 王毅, 崔建, 郑启航, 王靖彦, 于湘友. 新疆维吾尔自治区重症患者急性肾功能异常的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华卫生应急电子杂志, 2024, 10(05): 269-276.
[13] 刘志超, 胡风云, 温春丽. 山西省脑卒中危险因素与地域的相关性分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 424-433.
[14] 曹亚丽, 高雨萌, 张英谦, 李博, 杜军保, 金红芳. 儿童坐位不耐受的临床进展[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 510-515.
[15] 黄镪, 孙金梅, 韩燕飞, 张拥波. 脑源性与非脑源性疾病所致应激性溃疡相关胃肠道出血的影响因素及临床预后差异:一项回顾性队列研究[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 309-316.
阅读次数
全文


摘要