调查驻疆某部队官兵咳嗽的发生情况及相关因素，分析咳嗽诱因及伴随症状，为制定针对性防护措施提供依据。

选择2022年4月至2022年6月驻疆某部官兵3 898名为调查对象，采用整群抽样方法进行问卷调查，收集基本资料、咳嗽发生情况、诱因及伴随症状等信息。使用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析，采用χ²检验和Logistic回归分析咳嗽的相关因素。

共回收有效问卷3 856份(98.92%)，其中非咳嗽者3 229名(83.74%)，咳嗽者627名(16.26%)。咳嗽类型为急性咳嗽499名(79.58%)，亚急性咳嗽67名(10.69%)和慢性咳嗽61名(9.73%)。单因素分析显示，年龄、海拔高度、居住时间、烟草暴露史、固体燃料接触史、职业接触史、柳絮和花粉接触史与咳嗽发生相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，年龄≥30岁(OR＝2.002，95%CI：1.480~2.708)、海拔>5 000 m(OR＝5.277，95%CI: 3.944~7.061)、烟草暴露史(OR＝1.288，95%CI: 1.046~1.586)、职业接触史(OR＝1.543，95%CI: 1.208~1.970)及柳絮和花粉接触史(OR＝2.137，95%CI: 1.738~2.627)是咳嗽的危险因素；居住时间≥3个月为保护因素(OR＝0.644~0.662)。伴随症状中，异物感56.31%~65.67%、鼻塞、咳痰和咽痛常见，不同类型咳嗽的伴随症状分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

驻疆某部官兵咳嗽发生与高海拔、烟草暴露、职业接触、柳絮花粉等相关，居住时间延长具有一定保护作用。应加强健康教育、改善生活环境、提供必要防护，以降低咳嗽发生率，保障官兵身体健康。

To investigate the incidence and related factors of cough among troops stationed in Xinjiang, analyze its triggers and accompanying symptoms, and provide a basis for formulating targeted protective measures.

A total of 3898 officers and soldiers from a unit stationed in Xinjiang were selected as survey subjects from April to June 2022. A cluster sampling method was used for questionnaire surveys, collecting information on basic demographics, cough occurrence, triggers, and accompanying symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, employing χ² tests and Logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with cough.

A total of 3 856 valid questionnaires were collected (98.92%). Among the respondents, 3 229 (83.74%) were non-cough individuals and 627 (16.26%) were cough individuals. The types of cough were acute cough in 499 individuals (79.58%), subacute cough in 67 (10.69%), and chronic cough in 61 (9.73%). Univariate analysis showed that age, altitude, duration of residence, history of tobacco exposure, history of solid fuel contact, history of occupational exposure, and history of catkin and pollen exposure were associated with cough occurrence (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≥30 years (OR=2.002, 95%CI: 1.480~2.708), altitude >5 000 m (OR=5.277, 95%CI: 3.944~7.061), history of tobacco exposure (OR=1.288, 95%CI: 1.046~1.586), history of occupational exposure (OR=1.543, 95%CI: 1.208~1.970), and history of catkin and pollen exposure (OR=2.137, 95%CI: 1.738~2.627) were risk factors for cough; while a duration of residence ≥3 months was a protective factor (OR=0.644~0.662). Among accompanying symptoms, foreign body sensation (56.31%~65.67%), nasal congestion, expectoration, and sore throat were common. The distribution of accompanying symptoms differed significantly among different types of cough (P<0.05).

The occurrence of cough among troops stationed in Xinjiang is related to high altitude, tobacco exposure, occupational exposure, catkin and pollen, among other factors, while a longer duration of residence has a certain protective effect. Health education should be strengthened, the living environment improved, and necessary protection provided to reduce the incidence of cough and safeguard the health of the officers and soldiers.