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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (01) : 11 -16. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2021.01.003

论著

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的高危因素及临床特征分析
任之栋1, 张巧1, 张玉江1, 杨睿1, 万敏1, 马千里1,()   
  1. 1. 400037 重庆,陆军(第三)军医大学第二附属医院呼吸内科·全军呼吸内科研究所
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-07 出版日期:2021-02-25
  • 通信作者: 马千里
  • 基金资助:
    国家科学自然基金资助项目(81670012)

Analysis of risk factors and clinical characteristics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis

Zhidong Ren1, Qiao Zhang1, Yujiang Zhang1, Rui Yang1, Min Wan1, Qianli Ma1,()   

  1. 1. Institute of Resperatory Diseases, Department of Resperatory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
  • Received:2020-12-07 Published:2021-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Qianli Ma
引用本文:

任之栋, 张巧, 张玉江, 杨睿, 万敏, 马千里. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的高危因素及临床特征分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2021, 14(01): 11-16.

Zhidong Ren, Qiao Zhang, Yujiang Zhang, Rui Yang, Min Wan, Qianli Ma. Analysis of risk factors and clinical characteristics for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 14(01): 11-16.

目的

探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的高危因素,并分析COPD罹患不同类型慢性肺曲霉菌病的临床特征。

方法

选择2015年1月至2020年5月陆军军医大学第二附属医院诊断COPD合并慢性肺曲霉菌病患者39例为观察组,选取同期COPD合并肺部感染(非曲霉非肺结核)患者39例为对照组,采集基本信息、既往病史、用药情况、COPD控制情况、临床症状、炎症及免疫功能指标等临床指标,多因素回归分析COPD合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的独立危险因素,并进一步分析比较COPD罹患不同类型慢性肺曲霉病的临床指标差异。

结果

COPD合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的独立危险因素包括:近1年COPD急性加重病史≥3次、近3个月全身激素治疗史和既往肺结核病史(P<0.05);临床指标中,一般情况、炎症指标、免疫指标在两组间均无显著差异(P>0.05),仅临床症状中观察组的"痰液性状改变"和"咯血/痰中带血"表现较对照组更为多见,存在统计学差异(P<0.05);分析COPD罹患不同类型的慢性肺曲霉菌病临床特征差异,"近1年COPD急性加重病史≥3次"、"C反应蛋白"、"中性粒细胞绝对值"、"白蛋白"4个临床指标在不同种类型间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。

结论

COPD合并慢性肺曲霉菌病的临床特征无明显特异性,对近1年反复急性加重大于3次、近3个月全身激素治疗、既往有肺结核病史的COPD合并肺部感染的患者需考虑合并慢性肺曲霉病的可能;不同类型的慢性肺曲霉病的临床特征不同,对临床鉴别诊断有一定指导价值。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to analyze the clinical characteristics of different types of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in COPD.

Methods

The patients with COPD complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosed in the second affiliated Hospital of Army military Medical University from January 2015 to May 2020 were retrospectively collected as the case group, and the patients with COPD complicated with pulmonary infection (non-aspergillosis and non-pulmonary tuberculosis) were selected as the control group. Basic information, past history, medication, control of COPD, clinical symptoms, imaging features, inflammation and immune function were collected. The independent risk factors of COPD complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis were analyzedby multivariate regression, and the clinical indexes of different types of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis were further analyzed and compared.

Results

A total of 39 patients in the case group and 39 patients in the control group were included. The independent risk factors of COPD complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis included acute exacerbation of COPD≥ 3 times in the past year, history of systemic hormone therapy in recent 3 months and previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis (P<0.05). Among the clinical indexes, there was no significant difference in general condition, inflammatory index and immune index between the two groups (P>0.05). Only the clinical symptoms of "sputum character change" and "hemoptysis" in the case group were more common than those in the control group (P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The clinical characteristics of different types of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis were analyzed. "Acute exacerbation of COPD≥3 times in the past year" , "C-reactive protein" , "absolute value of neutrophils" and "albumin" were significantly different among the three types (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The specificity of clinical characteristics of COPD complicated with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis have no obvious specificity. For COPD patients with pulmonary infection who have acute exacerbation of COPD≥3 times in the past year, or history of systemic hormone therapy in recent 3 months, or have a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, should consider the possibility of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis infection. Besides, the clinical characteristics of different types of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis are different, which has some guiding value for clinical differential diagnosis.

表1 两组患者基础情况比较[n(%)]
表2 Logistic回归分析COPD合并慢性肺曲霉病的独立危险因素
表3 COPD合并慢性肺曲霉病组与COPD对照组临床症状与实验室检查对比[n(%)]
表4 COPD合并不同慢性肺曲霉菌病的基础情况比较[n(%)]
表5 COPD合并慢性肺曲霉病亚组症状与实验室检查[n(%)]
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