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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (06) : 896 -899. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2022.06.037

综述

tRNA衍生的小RNA在呼吸系统疾病中的应用研究
刘露梅1, 夏世金2,(), 邓思思1, 韦雅芹2   
  1. 1. 410208 长沙,湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院
    2. 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华东医院上海市老年医学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-24 出版日期:2022-12-25
  • 通信作者: 夏世金
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870044)

Advances in research on the application of tRNA-derived small RNA in respiratory diseases

Lumei Liu1, Shijin Xia2(), Sisi Deng1   

  • Received:2022-03-24 Published:2022-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Shijin Xia
引用本文:

刘露梅, 夏世金, 邓思思, 韦雅芹. tRNA衍生的小RNA在呼吸系统疾病中的应用研究[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2022, 15(06): 896-899.

Lumei Liu, Shijin Xia, Sisi Deng. Advances in research on the application of tRNA-derived small RNA in respiratory diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2022, 15(06): 896-899.

呼吸系统疾病不仅是影响公共健康的重大问题,也是老年人群主要死亡原因之一[1]。肺癌是最常见的呼吸系统疾病之一,不同类型肿瘤中病死率最高[2,3],其他如哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核、肺炎等呼吸系统疾病不仅患病率高,亦给家庭和社会带来巨大经济负担[4,5,6],因此,研究呼吸系统疾病的发病机制、寻找特异性诊断标志物及新的治疗靶点具有重要意义。转运RNA(transferRNA, tRNA)是一类经典的非编码RNA(noncoding RNA, ncRNA),通过识别和转运特定氨基酸而参与蛋白合成[7]。基因调节异常与tRNA的转录后修饰有关,且细胞质内tRNA相关蛋白参与多种疾病进程[8]。随着高通量测序及微阵列技术的发展,越来越多新型小ncRNA被发现。在1979年,tRNA衍生的小RNA(tRNA-derivedsmallRNA, tsRNA)首先在癌症患者中发现[9]。这些tsRNA最开始被认为是tRNA随机降解的产物,然而随着研究的深入,人们发现,tsRNA是通过在成熟tRNA或tRNA前体特定位置的特定核酸酶裂解tRNA的反密码子环产生的[10]

表1 tsRNA数据库
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