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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (03) : 423 -428. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2025.03.015

论著

耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌特征及致病机制研究
曹颖仪1,2, 戴立廷3, 赖艳榕2, 冯文强2, 袁培博3, 陈定强3,()   
  1. 1. 510515 广州,南方医科大学第二临床医学院
    2. 510240 广州,广州市红十字会医院/检验科
    3. 510280 广州,南方医科大学珠江医院/医学检验部
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2025-06-25
  • 通信作者: 陈定强

Study on the characteristics and pathogenic mechanism of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

Yingyi Cao1,2, Liting Dai3, Yanrong Lai2, Wenqiang Feng2, Peibo Yuan3, Dingqiang Chen3,()   

  1. 1. The Second Clinical Medical College,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China
    2. Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital/Laboratory Department,Guangzhou 510240,China
    3. Department of Medical Laboratory Science,Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510280,China
  • Received:2025-04-07 Published:2025-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Dingqiang Chen
引用本文:

曹颖仪, 戴立廷, 赖艳榕, 冯文强, 袁培博, 陈定强. 耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌特征及致病机制研究[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(03): 423-428.

Yingyi Cao, Liting Dai, Yanrong Lai, Wenqiang Feng, Peibo Yuan, Dingqiang Chen. Study on the characteristics and pathogenic mechanism of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 18(03): 423-428.

目的

分析耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae,CRKP)的分子特征、耐药模式和毒力因子及致病机理。

方法

选择2018 年1 月至2023 年12 月我院采集并分离的80 株CRKP 菌株,统计菌株临床资料。 随机选取35 株采用纸片扩散法行药敏试验,通过宏基因二代测序对耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌进行测序,运用荚膜血清分型方法对CRKP 菌株进行分型。

结果

80 株CRKP 菌株荚膜血清型:K1 12 株(15.00%)和K2 3 株(3.75%),K35 1 株(1.25%)、K57 1 株(1.25%)及无法分型63 株。 CRKP 菌株对环丙沙星、四环素耐药率分别为77.50%、61.25%;对常见抗菌药物耐药率>90%;碳青霉烯酶常见基因KPC-2(60.00%)、NDM(20%)、OXA-48(8.57%),1 株CRKP 菌株产生OXA-48 和NDM;氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因常见aac (6’)-Ib(28.57%),1 株CRKP 菌株产生aac(6’)-Ib 和aac (3)-Ia,2 株CRKP 菌株产生aac (6’)-Ⅰb 和aac (3)-Ⅳa;未发现甲基转移酶基因。 荚膜抗原分子分型以KL1、KL2 为主。 O 抗原O1/O2v1 16 株(45.71%)和O1/O2v2 12 株(34.28%),O3b 2 株(5.71%),O4 1 株(2.85%)。 CRKP 菌株毒力基因entB(100.00%)、mrkD(97.14%)、ybtS(94.28%)、rmpA(11.43%)检出率靠前。 GO 基因功能与代谢过程相关(P<0.001),主要携带ColRNAI 和IncFIB(K)质粒,多数共轭质粒中存在sdiA 基因。

结论

CRKP 对常见抗菌药物耐药性高,耐药基因以碳青霉烯酶类和氨基糖苷类为主,3 种毒力基因entB、mrkD、ybts 阳性检出率高,携带OXA-48 K1 荚膜型高毒力菌株。

Objective

To analyze the molecular characteristics,resistance patterns,virulence factors,and pathogenic mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP).

Methods

Eighty CRKP strains isolated from our hospital between January 2018 and December 2023 were selected,and clinical data were collected. Thirty-five strains were randomly chosen for antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was performed for sequencing CRKP isolates,and capsular serotyping was conducted for strain classification.

Results

Among the 80 CRKP strains,capsular serotypes included K1 12 strains( 15.00%),K2 3 strains( 3.75%),K35 1 strain(1.25%),K57 1 strain(1.25%),and 63 strains (78.75%) were untypeable. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline were 77.50% and 61.25%,respectively,while resistance to common antimicrobial agents exceeded 90%.Carbapenemase genes identified were KPC-2(60.00%),NDM(20.00%),and OXA-48(8.57%); one strain co-produced OXA-48 and NDM. Aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes included aac(6')-Ⅰb(28.57%);one strain carried aac(6')-Ⅰb and aac(3)-Ⅰa,and two strains carried aac(6')-Ⅰb and aac(3)-Ⅳa. No methyltransferase genes were detected. Capsular antigen molecular typing predominantly identified KL1 and KL2. O-antigen types included O1/O2v1 16 strains (45.71%),O1/O2v2 12 strains(34.28%),O3b 2 strains( 5.71%),and O4 1 strain(2.85%). Virulence genes with high detection rates were entB(100.00%),mrkD(97.14%),ybtS(94.28%),and rmpA(11.43%). GO gene functions were related to metabolic processes (P<0.001). CRKP primarily carried ColRNAI and IncFIB(K) plasmids,with sdiA present in most conjugative plasmids.

Conclusion

CRKP exhibits high resistance to common antimicrobials,predominantly mediated by carbapenemase genes and aminoglycoside-modifying genes. High positivity rates were observed for virulence genes entB,mrkD,and ybtS. An OXA-48-producing K1 capsular hypervirulent strain was identified.

表1 80 株CRKP 菌株对抗菌药物耐药情况[n(%)]
表2 不同分子分型CRKP 菌株的耐药基因分布情况[n(%)]
表3 不同分子分型CRKP 菌株的毒力基因分布[n(%)]
图1 测序菌株中质粒类型热图
图2 目标菌株中共轭质粒含有的抗性基因数
图3 含SdiA 基因的质粒图谱
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