To investigate the multislice computed tomography (MSCT) features of lung mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and its relationship with pathological manifestations in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of this disease.

The MSCT features and pathological data of 17 patients with pathologically confirmed pulmonary MALT lymphoma were collected for this study. Fifteen patients underwent plain CT scan and enhancement CT scan of the lungs and two patients underwent only plain CT scan of the lungs. Pathological analysis of the imaging features was conducted.

Among the 17 cases of pulmonary MALT lymphoma, 5 (5/17) were multiple and 12(12/17) were single. The lesions were mainly distributed near the bronchial vessels or under the pleura. The image showed solid deformation in 6 cases (6/17, 35%), mass or nodular shape in 7 cases (7/17, 41%), bronchial vascular bundle type in 2 cases (2/17, 12%), and mixed type in 2 cases (2/17, 12%). Among them, 15 cases showed aeration bronchus sign, 10 cases had angiographic signs, 9 cases had pleural effusion, 5 cases had bronchiectasis, and 4 cases had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. And 2 cases showed calcification, with lung abscess and cavity in one case each.

The CT findings of the pulmonary MALT lymphoma are mainly characterized by lung solidarity, mass involution with ablative bronchial signs and angiographic signs. It has an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this disease, but the golden diagnosis depends on the pathological biopsy.