To analyze the clinical characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The clinical data of 98 COPD patients who were admitted to Chongqing Public Health Medical Center during the period from June 2021 to October 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. According to pulmonary function tests, 35 COPD+ AIDS patients were divided into observation group, 63 COPD patients were divided into control group, and analyzed the differences of clinical characteristics between the two groups.

Patient sex, smoking history, body weight, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, right atrium and right ventricle measurements, pulmonary artery pressure, bronchiectasis, lung infection did not show significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). In observation group, patients had younger age[(58.72±16.86)vs. (68.92±7.87)](P<0.05), lower CD4⁺ T cell count[(137.55±88.32)vs. (319.82±119.78)]and higher CD8⁺ T cell count[(408.79± 209.66)vs. (269.74±412.06)](P<0.05), lower oxygenation index[(320.48±86.27)vs. (345.78±68.16)](P<0.05), more obviously emphysema(77.14% vs.15.87%)than patients in control group(P<0.05). In observation group, patients had significantly lower Vcmax[(2.02±0.68)vs.(2.56±0.75)], TLC[(68.99±17.29)vs. (97.10±22.57)], RV%[(110.46±38.61)vs. (137.13±40.18)], FVC[(1.92±0.67)vs. (2.58±0.83)], FEV₁[(1.05±0.49)vs. (1.32±0.57)], FEV₁%[(41.42±14.58)vs. (54.79±19.63)], PEF%[(22.69±9.83)vs. (42.78±17.64)], DLCO[(3.26±1.98)vs. (5.65±1.38)], VA[(0.87±0.46)vs. (1.02±0.26)]and worse dispersion function(88.57% vs. 12.70%) than control group (P<0.05). In observation group, had significantly higher FEV₁/FVC[(62.65±3.67)vs. (50.23±11.97)], MVV[(108.24±17.63) vs. (36.79±21.37)], MMEF75/25%[(20.12±14.83)vs. (18.98±7.26)]than controlgroup(P<0.05).

AIDS+ COPD patients who are younger have lower oxygenation index, the increased CD8⁺ cell count accelerated the develop of COPD. AIDS lead to more severe lung function impairment especially in diffusion disorder and restrictive ventilation disorder. Diffusion disorder is not completely reversible while ventilation dysfunction might be improved by antiretroviral therapy(ART) or treatment of opportunistic infections. Considering of the treatment of AIDS complicated with COPD, early regular ART, prevention and treatment of various lung opportunistic infections are expected to reverse the sustained impairment of lung function in patients to a certain extent.