To analyze the impact of thoracoscopic bronchial sleeve resection on postoperative complications and respiratory function in lung cancer patients.

Eighty-six lung cancer patients admitted to our hospital from February 2021 to October 2024 were selected and divided into two groups based on surgical approach, 39 patients undergoing thoracotomy served as the control group, and 47 patients undergoing thoracoscopy served as the observation group. Both groups underwent bronchial sleeve resection. Perioperative indicators, postoperative complications, prognosis, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), and blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂) were compared between the two groups. Factors influencing complications after thoracoscopic bronchial sleeve resection were analyzed.

There was no statistically significant difference in operative time between the two groups (P>0.05). The observation group showed significantly lower intraoperative blood loss (125.51±24.41) ml, postoperative drainage duration (4.23±0.56) days, length of hospital stay (10.02±1.52) days, and pain score at 4 hours postoperatively (3.56±0.52) points compared to the control group (192.25±28.45) ml, (6.65±0.71) days, (14.45±1.89) days, (5.02±0.66) points, respectively(P<0.05). Postoperative PaO₂ (84.25±7.35)mmHg and SaO₂ (95.15±1.25)% were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group PaO₂(79.22±6.84)mmHg, SaO₂(92.33±1.58)%(P<0.05), while postoperative PaCO₂ (40.12±4.36) mmHg was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (46.88±4.78 )mmHg(P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was 9 cases (19.15%) in the observation group and 11 cases (28.21%) in the control group (P>0.05). During postoperative follow-up, there were 2 deaths (4.26%) in the observation group and 4 deaths (10.26%) in the control group (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following as risk factors for complications after thoracoscopic bronchial sleeve resection: age > 60 years (OR=1.748), high TNM stage (OR=1.665), history of smoking (OR=2.125), intraoperative blood loss>100 ml(OR=1.995), preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50% (OR=2.465), and operative time>3 hours (OR=2.336).

Thoracoscopic bronchial sleeve resection in lung cancer patients can reduce surgical trauma, shorten postoperative recovery time, and improve respiratory function. Age, tumor stage, smoking history, intraoperative blood loss, preoperative LVEF, and operative time are influencing factors for postoperative complications.