To investigate the risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with anxiety and depression, and to evaluate the risk of COPD patients with anxiety and depression.

294 patients with COPD from Respiratory and Critical Care Medical Center of Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University from September 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects for cross-sectional study. According to Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), they were divided into COPD group and COPD combined with anxiety and depression group. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for COPD patients with anxiety and depression, and the independent risk factors of COPD patients with anxiety and depression were screened out for risk assessment.

Among 295 COPD patients, 131 patients (44.4%) had anxiety/depression, including 111 patients (37.6%) with anxiety, 104 patients (35.2%) with depression, and 84 patients (28.5%) with both anxiety and depression. The mMRC score, CAT score and course of disease in COPD patients with anxiety and depression were higher than those in patients without anxiety and depression. The FEV₁% PRED was lower than that of the non-anxiety and depression group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender composition, age, smoking, educational background, annual treatment cost, and acute exacerbation in the past year. mMRC score, CAT score, FEV₁%PRED, duration of disease as independent variables, univariate logistic regression was performed, and the results showed that the above variables were all related to COPD complicated with anxiety and depression (P<0.05). CAT score (OR=1.074, P<0.05), FEV₁%PRED (OR=0.981, P<0.05) was an independent risk factor for COPD complicated with anxiety and depression.

COPD patients with anxiety and depression have lower FEV₁%PRED, higher mMRC and CAT scores. CAT score and FEV₁%PRED are independent risk factors for COPD complicated with anxiety and depression. COPD patients with high CAT score and low FEV₁% PRED are at higher risk. Screening of these patients can provide early warning, early detection, diagnosis and treatment for COPD patients with anxiety and depression, so as to improve the efficacy and prognosis of COPD patients.