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Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (05): 707-713. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2024.05.007

• Original articles • Previous Articles    

Expression and clinical significance of serum SAP and MMPs in lung cancer treated by stereotactic radiotherapy

Fahong Jing1, Lina Li2, Ting Gao1, Yanmei Gao3, Nan Yang1, Zhuo Li1,(), Yudong Mu4   

  1. 1.Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Medical University, Xi′an 710077,China
    2.Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi′an 710077, China
    3.Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi′an 710077, China
    4.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi′an 710077, China
  • Received:2024-04-16 Online:2024-10-25 Published:2024-12-03
  • Contact: Zhuo Li

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the changes of serum amyloid P (SAP) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression before and after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in lung cancer patients and their correlation with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) and prognosis.

Methods

A total of 75 patients with lung cancer who received SBRT in our hospital between January 2020 and August 2023 were selected as the study subjects . Serum SAP and MMPs (MMP1, MMP2, MMP9) levels were detected by ELISA. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), local progression-free survival (LPFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were recorded after SBRT. In addition, the incidence of RILI (CTCAE≥grade 2) within 6 months after radiotherapy was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE 5.0).

Results

The incidence of RILI after SBRT was 28.0% (21/75). The serum SAP level in the observation group before radiotherapy was significantly lower than that in the control group[14.67(11.21, 19.21)μg/ml vs. 27.62 (24.33, 32.60)μg/ml], while MMP-1[21.70 (12.20, 30.45)ng/ml vs. 10.60 (7.65, 16.25)ng/ml], MMP-2[701.00 (620.50, 846.00) ng/ml vs. 912.00 (779.00, 1 100.00)ng/ml], MMP-9[6.80 (2.00, 10.30)ng/ml vs. 21.60 (10.70, 66.50)ng/ml] was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of serum SAP,MMP-1,MMP-2 and MMP-9 before radiotherapy to predict RILI after SBRT were 0.881, 0.784, 0.760 and 0.885, respectively. Compared with before SBRT, the serum SAP level[23.42 (17.27, 28.57) μg/ml vs. 30.09 (23.51, 39.86) μg/ml] was significantly increased after SBRT, while the levels of MMP-1[13.10 (8.30,21.70) ng/ml vs. 10.50 (7.00,16.80)ng/ml], MMP-2[757.00 (660.00,880.00) ng/ml vs. 690.00 (604.00,810.00) ng/ml] and MMP-9[6.60 (2.40, 17.20) ng/ml vs. 2.00 (2.80, 3.40) ng/ml]were significantly decreased (P<0.05). In the 75 cases, 63 cases(84.00%) died and 12 cases(16.00%) survived. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis showed that serum SAP and MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 before radiotherapy were independent influencing factors of PFS, OS and DMFS (P<0.05), and serum SAP and MMP-9 before radiotherapy were also independent influencing factors of LPFS (P<0.05). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with low SAP and high MMPs had lower PFS and OS rates and shorter median PFS and OS times compared to patients with high SAP and low MMPs before radiotherapy (P<0.05). In the combined risk model of serum SAP and MMPs before radiotherapy, high-risk patients had lower PFS and OS rates and shorter median PFS and OS times compared with low-risk patients (P <0.05).

Conclusion

Low SAP and high MMPs levels before radiotherapy are associated with a higher risk of RILI and poor prognosis after SBRT 21 cases with RIKI were divided into observation group and 54 cases without RILIum were divided into control group. Serum SAP and MMPs before radiotherapy are promising biomarkers for early prediction of RILI and poor prognosis after SBRT in lung cancer patients.

Key words: Bronchogenic carcinoma, Stereotactic body radiation therapy, Serum amyloid P, Matrix metalloproteinases, Radiation-induced lung injury

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