基于RNA实时荧光恒温扩增技术(SAT)分析不同年龄段儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染的临床特征。

回顾性分析我院2018年5月至2019年7月经SAT诊断为MP感染的285例社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患儿的临床资料，并根据年龄将其分为婴幼儿组(≤3岁)、学龄前组(>3～6岁)和学龄组(>6岁)。比较不同年龄组儿童临床症状、肺部体征、实验室指标、胸部X线表现及肺外并发症等方面的差异。

三组患儿临床表现比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。婴幼儿组喘息症状相对明显，平均热程短，肺外表现以消化系统症状为主；学龄组发热多见，平均热程较婴幼儿组长，肺外并发症多见，以血液及心血管系统损害为主；学龄前组患儿临床表现介于两者之间。三组在咳嗽症状及肺部体征上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；MP感染患儿胸部X线表现多种多样，婴幼儿组及学龄前组小叶实质浸润及间质浸润明显多于学龄组；学龄组肺段实质浸润明显多于婴幼儿组及学龄前组(P<0.01)；婴幼儿组LDH水平高于学龄组，学龄组CRP水平高于婴幼儿组(P<0.01)，学龄前组介于两者之间。

不同年龄段儿童MP感染在临床症状、肺部体征、实验室指标、胸部X线表现及肺外并发症等方面存在一定差异，临床工作中应该予以重视。

To analyze the clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children of different ages based on simultaneous amplification and testing (SAT).

The clinical data of 285 children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) diagnosed as MP infection by SAT from May 2018 to July 2019 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All the children with MP infection were classified into three groups according to their ages as follows: infant group(≤3 years old), preschool children group(>3-6 years old)and school-aged children group(>6 years old). The differences in children with MP infection of different ages in terms of clinical symptoms, pulmonary signs, laboratory indexes, chest X-rays and extrapulmonary complications were compared.

The clinical manifestations of the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the infant group, the main clinical manifestations of wheezing was relatively obvious, the average fever duration was short, and the extrapulmonary manifestations were mainly digestive system symptoms; The fever was more common in the school-aged children group, and the average fever duration was longer than that in the infant group, the extrapulmonary complications were more common, and the blood, cardiovascular system damage were the main cause. The symptoms of the preschool children group were in between. There was no significant difference in cough symptoms and pulmonary signs among the three groups (P>0.05); The children with MP infection had multiple presentations of chest X-rays. The lobular parenchymal infiltration and interstitial infiltration in the infant group and preschool children group were significantly higher than those in the school-aged children group, and more segmental parenchymtous infiltration of chest X-ray could be found in the school-aged children group than that in the infant group and preschool children group(P<0.01); The LDH level in the infant group was higher than that in the school-aged children group, and the CRP level in the school-aged children group was higher than that in the infant group (P<0.01), the preschool children group is somewhere in between.

There are differences in clinical symptoms, pulmonary signs, laboratory indexes, chest X-rays and extrapulmonary complications in children with MP infection of different ages, attention should be paid to in clinical work.