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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (01) : 26 -30. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2023.01.006

论著

疑难肺部阴影临床与病理分析
赵延军1, 张红军1, 贾丽娟1, 顾兴1, 李文洁1, 柴雅琴1, 冯斐1,(), 张海涛2   
  1. 1. 710100 西安,西安市胸科医院
    2. 710038 西安,空军军医大学第二附属医院
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-11 出版日期:2023-02-25
  • 通信作者: 冯斐
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82103537)

Clinical and pathological analysis of difficult pulmonary shadow

Yanjun Zhao1, Hongjun Zhang1, Lijuan Jia1, Xing Gu1, Wenjie Li1, Yaqin Chai1, Fei Feng1,(), Haitao Zhang2   

  1. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi′an Chest Hospital, Xi′an 710100, China
    2. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi′an 710038, China
  • Received:2022-07-11 Published:2023-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Fei Feng
引用本文:

赵延军, 张红军, 贾丽娟, 顾兴, 李文洁, 柴雅琴, 冯斐, 张海涛. 疑难肺部阴影临床与病理分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(01): 26-30.

Yanjun Zhao, Hongjun Zhang, Lijuan Jia, Xing Gu, Wenjie Li, Yaqin Chai, Fei Feng, Haitao Zhang. Clinical and pathological analysis of difficult pulmonary shadow[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2023, 16(01): 26-30.

目的

分析CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检诊断的疑难肺部阴影患者临床资料,提高临床与病理诊断相关性。

方法

选择2021年5月至2022年8月我院呼吸与危重症医学科行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检诊断的疑难肺部阴影患者25例,对临床资料、肺恶性肿瘤和肺结核进行分析。

结果

疑难肺部阴影活检结果中,肺恶性肿瘤和肺结核23例(92.0%)。肺恶性肿瘤13例(56.5%),其中腺癌9例(69.2%)、鳞癌2例(15.4%)、小细胞癌和腺样囊性癌各1例(7.6%);肺结核10例(43.4%),其中肉芽肿性病变9例(36%)、慢性炎+坏死+多核巨细胞1例(4%)。2例(8.0%)为慢性炎伴碳末沉积。肺恶性肿瘤和肺结核在性别、年龄、基础病、病程、病变部位、病灶大小和影像学高危征象及结核菌素试验(PPD)、结核菌感染T细胞斑点实验(T-SPOT)、全自动医用PCR分析系统(Gene-Xpert)、结核菌聚合酶链式反应(TB-PCR)、结核菌核糖核酸(TB-RNA)和结核抗体等结核相关参考指标进行分析,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两者在肺部肿瘤标志物,癌胚抗原(CEA)、鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(SCC)、胃泌素释放肽前肽(Pro-GRP)和细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)的阳性率差异明显,肺恶性肿瘤组阳性率高于肺结核组(P<0.001)。

结论

疑难肺部阴影多伴为肺恶性肿瘤和肺结核,需借助肺部肿瘤标志物和组织病理进行鉴别,肺结核的诊断和鉴别诊断有时难于肺恶性肿瘤,临床应更多关注。

Objective

The clinical data of patients with difficult pulmonary shadows by CT guided percutaneous lung biopsy diagnosed were retrospectively analyzed, to improve the correlation between clinical and pathological diagnosis.

Methods

All of 25 patients with difficult pulmonary shadows by CT guided percutaneous lung biopsy diagnosed were recruited in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of our hospital. The general clinical data, pulmonary malignant tumor group and pulmonary tuberculosis group were analyzed from May 2021 to August 2022.

Results

In difficult lung shadow biopsy results, 23 cases(92.0%) were pulmonary malignant tumors and tuberculosis. 13 cases(56.5%) were malignant tumors of the lung, including 9 cases(69.2%) of adenocarcinoma, 2 cases(5.4%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case(7.6%) of small cell carcinoma and 1 case(7.6%) of adenoid cystic carcinoma; 10 cases(43.4%) were pulmonary tuberculosis, including 9 cases(90.0%) of granulomatous lesions, 1 case(10.0%) of chronic inflammation+ necrosis+ multinuclear giant cells. 2 cases(8.0%) of chronic inflammation with carbon deposition. Sex, age, underlying disease, course of disease, lesion location, lesion size and imaging high-risk signs, tuberculosis related reference indicators, such as tuberculin test (PPD), T-SPOT test of tuberculosis infection, automated medical PCR analysis system (Gene Xpert), tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (TB-PCR), tuberculosis ribonucleic acid (TB-RNA) and tuberculosis antibody, were analyzed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the analysis. The positive rates of lung tumor markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen (SCC), gastrin releasing peptide prepreptide (Pro GRP) and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), were significantly different between the two groups. The positive rates of pulmonary malignant tumor group were significantly higher than those of and pulmonary tuberculosis group(P<0.001).

Conclusion

Most of the difficult lung shadows are pulmonary malignant tumors and pulmonary tuberculosis, which need to be differentiated with the help of lung tumor markers and puncture biopsy. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the pulmonary tuberculosis are sometimes more difficult compared with the pulmonary malignant tumor, which requires more attention from clinicians.

表1 患者影像学特征、肿瘤标志物及结核相关检查
病 例 影像学特征 肿瘤标志物 结核相关检查
大小(mm) 部位 高危征象 CEA(ng/ml) SCC(ng/ml) Pro-GRP(pg/ml) CYFRA 21-1 (ng/ml) ESR PPD 结核抗体 T-SPOT 痰涂片 分子学检查 痰培养
1 33×25 左肺上叶 3 7.77 0.8 39.3 2.35 16 + + +
2 35×23 右肺下叶 3 2.17 1.1 31 2.54 11
3 27×12 右肺上叶 3 1.53 0.6 23.9 1.8 25
4 42×26 右肺上叶 3 6.87 0.1 31.1 3.73 19 +
5 左肺上叶 6.07 6.4 1 749.4 2.42 33 + +
6 51.3×53.9 右肺上叶 3 5.7 0.6 24.7 7.06 25
7 63×53 右肺中叶 3 1.8 0.6 24.2 1.75 40 + +
8 52×23 左肺上叶 3 3.21 2.5 29.7 12.67 8
9 47×22 双肺多叶 3 0.91 0.7 27.2 1.78 10 +
10 30×28 双肺多叶 1 2.59 0.9 23.1 1.03 4
11 15×8 左肺上叶 3 <0.5 0.6 24.2 0.53 13 + +
12 64×47 右肺下叶 3 2.36 1 34.1 59.68 9
13 41×31 左肺下叶 3 2.95 0.6 26.5 0.98 15 + +
14 8×7 双肺多叶 0 2 +
15 右肺上叶 0 5.87 7 +
16 8×9 右肺下叶 0 1.47 2 33.4 1.29 6 +
17 29×16 右肺下叶 1 0.73 1 20.1 0.91 40 + +
18 41×27 左肺下叶 3 2.57 1.1 27.8 0.99 33
19 42×32 右肺上叶 3 1.03 0.7 41.5 3.53 8
20 30×24 右肺下叶 2 1.88 1 39.6 1.46 33 +
21 34×17 左肺上叶 2 2.06 0.4 33.8 1.4 18 +
22 40×27 右肺下叶 3 2.72 2 24.5 1.82 +
23 42×35 左肺下叶 3 2.15 0.5 26.5 1.73 8
24 33×31 左肺下叶 3 5.19 0.5 35.6 3.76 22
25 52×33 右肺下叶 2 1.82 0.3 32.5 1.38 17 + +
表2 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检临床及病理资料[n(%)]
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