分析高危肺结节患者的认知、焦虑状况及影响因素。

利用肺结节多学科会诊平台，通过自制的认知调查问卷表和广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)对高危肺结节进行调查分析。

712例符合条件的高危肺结节患者纳入调查。认知调查分析发现，565例(79.35%)患者认同胸部CT为肺结节的主要筛查手段、分别有585例(82.16%)和584例(82.02%)的患者认同长期吸烟与肺癌发生和肺结节良恶性有关；645例(90.59%)的患者选择手术作为高危肺结节的主要治疗手段；585例(82.16%)患者将互联网作为获取肺结节相关知识的主要来源。GAD-7焦虑评分发现：高危肺结节患者普遍存在焦虑状况684例(96.07%)，其中轻度焦虑为292例(41.01%)，中度焦虑240例(33.71%)，重度焦虑152例(21.35%)。对患者的焦虑进行影响因素分析，结果发现，年龄段为41~50岁和51~60岁、女性、结节直径在2~3 cm、磨玻璃结节、有癌症家族史、近1年胸部CT次数≥3次、因肺结节就诊医院≥3家的患者，其GAD-7焦虑评分显著高于其他组患者(P<0.05)；结节数量、吸烟情况与GAD-7评分无明显关联。女性、年龄段在51~60岁、结节大小≥2 cm、近1年胸部CT次数≥3次、肺结节就诊次数≥3次是高危肺结节患者出现重度焦虑的危险因素。

高危肺结节患者对肺结节的认知仍存在不足，建议借助于网络平台进行针对性的科普教育；中年、女性、结节直径越大、反复多次就诊的患者更容易出现焦虑，临床上需重点关注，及时引导。

To understand the cognitive and anxiety status and influencing factors of patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules.

Using a multidisciplinary consultation platform for pulmonary nodules, a self-administered cognitive questionnaire form and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were used to investigate and analyze high-risk pulmonary nodules.

A total of 712 eligible patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules were included in this survey study. The cognitive survey analysis revealed that 565 cases(79.35%) of patients agreed that chest CT was the main screening tool for lung nodules, 585 cases(82.16%) and 584 cases(82.02%) of patients agreed that long-term smoking was associated with lung cancer development and benign and malignant lung nodules, respectively, 645 cases(90.59%) of patients chose surgery as the main treatment for high-risk lung nodules, and 585 cases(82.16%) of patients used the Internet as the However, the majority of patients still considered pulmonary nodules to be the main treatment. The GAD-7 anxiety score revealed that patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules were generally anxious 684 cases(96.07%), with mild anxiety 292 cases(41.01%), moderate anxiety 240 cases(33.71%), and severe anxiety 152 cases(21.35%), respectively. Patients′anxiety was analyzed for influencing factors, and it was found that patients in the age groups of 41-50 and 51-60 years, female, nodule diameter of 2-3 cm, ground glass nodules, family history of cancer, ≥3 chest CTs in the last 1 year, and ≥3 hospital visits for pulmonary nodules had significantly higher GAD-7 anxiety scores than patients in other groups (P<0.05); while the number of nodules, smoking status were not significantly associated with GAD-7 scores. The number of nodules and smoking status were not significantly associated with GAD-7 scores, while women, age between 51-60, nodule size ≥2 cm, number of chest CTs≥3 times in the last 1 year, and number of visits for pulmonary nodules ≥3 times were risk factors for severe anxiety in patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules.

Patients with high-risk pulmonary nodules still have more deficiencies in their knowledge of pulmonary nodules, and it is recommended that targeted science education be conducted with the help of online platforms; middle-aged, female, larger nodule diameters, and patients with repeated multiple visits are more likely to have anxiety, which requires focused clinical attention and timely guidance.