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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02) : 197 -212. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2025.02.001

指南

成人肺功能检查技术进展及临床应用推荐指南(2025版)
中华医学会呼吸病学分会肺功能学组   
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13 出版日期:2025-04-25
  • 基金资助:
    癌症、心脑血管、呼吸和代谢性疾病防治研究国家科技重大专项(2023ZD0506300;2023ZD0506305)科技部国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2003700)

Guidelines for the development of adult pulmonary function examination techniques and clinical application

Function Group,Respiratory Disease Branch,Chinese Medical Association Lung   

  • Received:2025-03-13 Published:2025-04-25
引用本文:

中华医学会呼吸病学分会肺功能学组. 成人肺功能检查技术进展及临床应用推荐指南(2025版)[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(02): 197-212.

Function Group,Respiratory Disease Branch,Chinese Medical Association Lung. Guidelines for the development of adult pulmonary function examination techniques and clinical application[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 18(02): 197-212.

肺功能检查是筛查、诊断和评估呼吸系统疾病的重要方法。 临床常用检查包括肺量计法、强迫振荡(forced oscillation technique,FOT)法、气体分析法等体描标记法等。 近年来国内外肺功能指南/技术规范/专家共识对于有关肺功能正常预计值的推导及建立,支气管舒张试验的判读,常规肺功能检查不可及时的替代方案,保留比值受损肺功能(PRISm)人群的定义和临床识别等内容进行了更新。中华医学会呼吸病分会肺功能学组根据国内外更新的内容,针对肺功能检查临床应用过程中的关键问题:一是成人肺功能临床技术的最新进展;二是成人肺功能检查在临床诊疗中的应用进展,进行阐述旨在有效地指导肺功能检查的临床实践,以提高诊疗呼吸系统疾病的效率和准确性。

表1 常规肺功能检查的适应证
表2 常规肺功能检查的相对禁忌证
表3 常用肺通气功能损伤定性诊断指标和推荐临界值
表4 通气功能障碍的五分度
表5 DLCO 测量质控评级系统
表6 弥散功能障碍的三分度
表7 体积描记法和气体分析法的比较
表8 MCT 的定性判读标准
表9 APS 法激发试验的气道高反应性分级[22]
表10 肺功能预计值公式
表11 肺通气换气功能障碍Z 值三分度[5]
表12 慢性持续期哮喘严重程度不同分级对应的肺功能特点
表13 哮喘急性发作时病情严重程度不同分级参考的肺功能特点
表14 慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者气流受限严重程度的肺功能分级
表15 呼吸系统损伤致残-呼吸功能损害程度分级[42]
表16 IOS 主要指标及临床意义
表17 脉冲振荡常用指标对应的临床疾病及指标解读
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