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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02) : 335 -340. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2026.02.025

综述

治疗性肿瘤疫苗应用于肺癌的临床研究与前沿进展
陆军, 宋勇()   
  1. 211198 南京,中国药科大学第一附属医院胸部肿瘤中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-13 出版日期:2026-04-25
  • 通信作者: 宋勇

Clinical research and frontier advances of therapeutic cancer vaccines in lung cancer

Jun Lu, Yong Song()   

  • Received:2025-10-13 Published:2026-04-25
  • Corresponding author: Yong Song
引用本文:

陆军, 宋勇. 治疗性肿瘤疫苗应用于肺癌的临床研究与前沿进展[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(02): 335-340.

Jun Lu, Yong Song. Clinical research and frontier advances of therapeutic cancer vaccines in lung cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 19(02): 335-340.

肺癌是全球发病率与病死率居高不下的恶性肿瘤,传统手术、放化疗及靶向治疗存在疗效局限、耐药性等问题,免疫治疗已成为肺癌诊疗的重要突破方向,其中治疗性肿瘤疫苗凭借特异性激活抗肿瘤免疫、诱导长效免疫记忆等优势,成为研究热点。治疗性肿瘤疫苗通过靶向肿瘤相关抗原与肿瘤特异性新抗原,激活机体CD4、CD8 T细胞免疫应答,重塑肿瘤免疫微环境,实现对肺癌细胞的精准杀伤。近年来,多肽疫苗、树突状细胞疫苗、mRNA疫苗、个性化新抗原疫苗等多类疫苗研发持续推进,CIMAvax-EGF、BNT116等疫苗在非小细胞肺癌临床试验中展现出良好的安全性与抗肿瘤活性,联合免疫检查点抑制剂、化疗等方案,进一步提升了疾病控制率与患者生存期。同时,疫苗研发在抗原筛选、递送系统优化、免疫原性提升等方面取得关键进展,人工智能辅助新抗原精准预测、新型纳米载体递送技术为疫苗优化提供了新路径。但目前肺癌治疗性肿瘤疫苗仍面临肿瘤免疫抑制微环境、抗原异质性、个体免疫应答差异、临床转化效率不足等挑战,尚缺乏统一的疗效评估标准与最优联合治疗方案。未来需聚焦抗原精准设计、联合治疗策略优化、生物标志物筛选等方向,通过多学科交叉研究突破技术瓶颈,推动治疗性肿瘤疫苗从基础研究走向临床应用,为肺癌患者提供高效、精准的免疫治疗新选择。

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