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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 491 -495. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2026.03.023

综述

慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制与吸入制剂临床应用研究进展
王艳(), 刘黎, 王祯黎, 肖芹   
  1. 610041 成都,四川大学华西医院呼吸与危重症医学科
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-06-25
  • 通信作者: 王艳
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2020SZ0076)

Research progress on the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the clinical application of inhaled formulations

Yan Wang(), Li Liu, Zhenli Wang   

  • Received:2025-09-08 Published:2026-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Yan Wang
引用本文:

王艳, 刘黎, 王祯黎, 肖芹. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制与吸入制剂临床应用研究进展[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(03): 491-495.

Yan Wang, Li Liu, Zhenli Wang. Research progress on the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the clinical application of inhaled formulations[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 19(03): 491-495.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)是一种以持续性气流受限为特征的常见慢性气道疾病,患病率和病死率高,严重损害患者生活质量并造成沉重的社会经济负担。COPD的发病机制以慢性气道炎症为核心,涉及中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞浸润及蛋白酶/抗蛋白酶失衡等多重路径。在治疗策略方面,吸入制剂的应用已成为COPD管理的核心进展。目前常用的吸入制剂主要包括支气管舒张剂和吸入型糖皮质激素(inhaled corticosteroids, ICS),常以联合制剂形式使用。生物制剂雾化吸入代表了COPD药物研发的前沿方向,间充质干细胞外泌体、干扰素β1-α等雾化制剂在动物模型或临床试验中展现出抗炎、抗病毒和肺修复潜力,但大分子结构稳定性和免疫原性等问题仍需进一步解决。智能吸入装置通过集成传感器与连接技术,实现对患者用药行为的精准监测与智能化管理,为个体化治疗调整提供了可靠依据。COPD是一种由多种机制交互驱动的复杂疾病,吸入治疗通过局部精准给药成为其核心管理策略,这为未来高端生物制剂的雾化应用提供了有力的理论和实践支撑,预示着COPD治疗策略正朝着更加个体化和精准化的方向演进。

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