Correlation analysis between lactate dehydrogenase and risk of brain metastasis in small cell lung cancer

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2024.03.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the correlation between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the risk of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods

A total of 86 SCLC patients treated in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 were selected and followed up until September 30, 2023. MRI results showed that 25 patients with brain metastasis were in the observation group and 61 patients without metastasis were in the control group. General data, laboratory indicators and LDH levels of the two groups were collected, and factors related to SCLC brain metastases were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.

Results

There were 16 survivors(64.00%), 9 deaths (36.00%) in the observation group and 58 survivors(95.08%), 3 deaths (4.92%) in the control group. In the observation group, there were 16 cases (64.00%) of smoking history, 4 cases (16.00%) of tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage ⅠA, 8 cases (32.00%) of ⅡB and 13 cases (52.00%) of ⅢA. In the control group, there were 23 cases (37.70%) of smoking history, 27 cases (44.26%) of TNM stage ⅠA, 28 cases (45.00%) of ⅡB stage and 6 cases (9.84%) of ⅢA stage. The comparison between the two groups was(P<0.05). In the observation group, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (41.63±12.75) ng/ml, carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) (21.93±6.25) ng/ml, LDH[(253.62±74.36)U/L, hemoglobin (82.54±5.65)U/L; In the control group, NSE (32.52±10.58)ng/ml, CEA (16.54±4.82)ng/ml, LDH (182.42±56.98)U/L, Hb (91.37±6.12)g/L, and P<0.05. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that TNM stage (OR=2.712, 95%CI: 1.186-6.201), NSE (OR=1.073, 95%CI: 1.014-1.136), CEA (OR=1.216, 95%CI: 1.085-1.363), LDH(OR=1.026, 95%CI: 1.015-1.038) were risk factors for BMS, Hb (OR=0.770, 95%CI: 0.685-0.865) were protective factors for BMS.

Conclusion

SCLC has a higher risk of brain metastases. Serum LDH is an influential factor of brain metastases and is positively correlated with the risk of brain metastases.

Key words: Small cell lung cancer, Lactate dehydrogenase, Brain metastases, Clinical analysis

Suchi Han, Yanjing Huang. Correlation analysis between lactate dehydrogenase and risk of brain metastasis in small cell lung cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(03): 402-406.

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References 32

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临床资料	观察组(n＝25)	对照组(n＝61)	t/χ²值	P值
体质量指数(kg/m²)	21.74±1.31	21.62±1.43	0.375	0.709
吸烟史	16(64.00)	23(37.70)	4.947	0.026
饮酒史	10(40.00)	24(39.34)	0.003	0.955
糖尿病	11(44.00)	24(39.34)	0.159	0.690
高血压	10(40.00)	22(36.07)	0.118	0.732
高脂血症	8(32.00)	19(31.15)	0.006	0.938
TNM分期			19.017	0.000
ⅠA期	4(16.00)	27(44.26)
ⅡB期	8(32.00)	28(45.90)
ⅢA期	13(52.00)	6(9.84)
初始肿瘤直径			0.407	0.524
<5 cm	15(60.00)	32(52.46)
≥5 cm	10(40.00)	29(47.54)
ECOG-PS评分			0.832	0.362
1分	10(40.00)	31(50.82)
2～3分	15(60.00)	30(49.18)
胸腔积液	9(36.00)	24(39.34)	0.084	0.772
左侧	5(55.56)	16(66.67)
右侧	4(44.44)	8(33.33)
肺部感染	10(40.00)	23(37.70)	0.040	0.842
左肺	6(60.00)	15(65.22)
右肺	4(40.00)	8(34.78)
体质量减轻			0.123	0.726
<5%	4(16.00)	8(13.11)
≥5%	21(84.00)	53(86.89)
手术治疗史	13(52.00)	36(59.02)	0.356	0.551

临床资料	观察组(n＝25)	对照组(n＝61)	t/χ²值	P值
体质量指数(kg/m²)	21.74±1.31	21.62±1.43	0.375	0.709
吸烟史	16(64.00)	23(37.70)	4.947	0.026
饮酒史	10(40.00)	24(39.34)	0.003	0.955
糖尿病	11(44.00)	24(39.34)	0.159	0.690
高血压	10(40.00)	22(36.07)	0.118	0.732
高脂血症	8(32.00)	19(31.15)	0.006	0.938
TNM分期			19.017	0.000
ⅠA期	4(16.00)	27(44.26)
ⅡB期	8(32.00)	28(45.90)
ⅢA期	13(52.00)	6(9.84)
初始肿瘤直径			0.407	0.524
<5 cm	15(60.00)	32(52.46)
≥5 cm	10(40.00)	29(47.54)
ECOG-PS评分			0.832	0.362
1分	10(40.00)	31(50.82)
2～3分	15(60.00)	30(49.18)
胸腔积液	9(36.00)	24(39.34)	0.084	0.772
左侧	5(55.56)	16(66.67)
右侧	4(44.44)	8(33.33)
肺部感染	10(40.00)	23(37.70)	0.040	0.842
左肺	6(60.00)	15(65.22)
右肺	4(40.00)	8(34.78)
体质量减轻			0.123	0.726
<5%	4(16.00)	8(13.11)
≥5%	21(84.00)	53(86.89)
手术治疗史	13(52.00)	36(59.02)	0.356	0.551

临床指标	观察组(n＝25)	对照组(n＝61)	t值	P值
NSE(ng/ml)	41.63±12.75	32.52±10.58	3.155	0.003
CEA(ng/ml)	21.93±6.25	16.54±4.82	3.866	0.001
CA125(ng/ml)	67.84±5.71	66.45±6.49	0.984	0.330
LDH(U/L)	253.62±74.36	182.42±56.98	4.298	0.000
CRP(mg/L)	41.53±4.34	40.57±6.72	0.785	0.435
PLT(×10⁹/L)	132.49±4.82	131.54±5.46	0.798	0.429
Hb(g/L)	82.54±5.65	91.37±6.12	6.421	0.000

临床指标	观察组(n＝25)	对照组(n＝61)	t值	P值
NSE(ng/ml)	41.63±12.75	32.52±10.58	3.155	0.003
CEA(ng/ml)	21.93±6.25	16.54±4.82	3.866	0.001
CA125(ng/ml)	67.84±5.71	66.45±6.49	0.984	0.330
LDH(U/L)	253.62±74.36	182.42±56.98	4.298	0.000
CRP(mg/L)	41.53±4.34	40.57±6.72	0.785	0.435
PLT(×10⁹/L)	132.49±4.82	131.54±5.46	0.798	0.429
Hb(g/L)	82.54±5.65	91.37±6.12	6.421	0.000

自变量	β	标准误	Wald	P值	OR	95%CI
自变量	β	标准误	Wald	P值	OR	下限	上限
吸烟史	0.186	1.386	0.018	0.893	1.204	0.080	18.222
TNM分期	4.342	1.841	5.564	0.018	76.874	2.084	2 835.631
NSE	0.214	0.103	4.326	0.038	1.238	1.012	1.515
CEA	0.359	0.147	5.924	0.015	1.432	1.072	1.912
LDH	0.035	0.013	7.256	0.007	1.036	1.010	1.062
Hb	－0.456	0.215	4.526	0.033	0.634	0.416	0.965

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