To analyze the risk factors of cognitive frailty in patinets with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to investigate the prognosis and significance of these.

A total of 59 COPD patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to July 2023 were selected as subjects, including 18 patients without cognitive frailty as control group and 41 patients with cognitive frailty as observation group. Data were collected by general data questionnaire, frailty phenotype scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, subjective cognitive decline questionnaire and mini-mental state examination scale, the survival status of 6 months after discharge was collected. Chi-square test, rank sum test, t test, Logistic regression analysis and Cox survival analysis were used to analyze the data.

The average age of the observation group was (61.25±9.86) years old and 12 smokers (66.67%) compared with the control group (56.74±8.53) years old and 14 smokers (34.15%) (P<0.05). There were significant differences in education level, comorbidity index and living ability between the two groups (P=0.004, 0.000, 0.016). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.005, 95%CI: 0-0.108), education level (OR=0.004, 95%CI: 0-0.102) and life ability (OR=0.093, 95%CI: 0.011-0.784) was the influence factor of COPD cognitive frailty (P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, there were 51 survivors (86.44%) and 8 deaths (13.56%). Cox survival analysis showed that poor prognosis in COPD was 2.48 times greater than that in normal COPD (95%CI: 1.548-4.395, P=0.001).

Old age, low education level and low life ability are risk factors of COPD cognitive frailty. Early intervention can delay the progress of cognitive frailty and reduce the mortality rate.