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Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02): 304-309. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2025.02.019

• Original articles • Previous Articles    

Risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in patients with diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis

Li Han1, Qiyuan Wang1, Jie Meng1, Xinliang Yang1, Xia Liu1, Chenyan He1,()   

  1. 1. No.3 Internal medicine,Shaanxi Provincial Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Hospital (Shaanxi Fifth People′s Hospital),Xi′an 710100,China
  • Received:2025-02-12 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-26
  • Contact: Chenyan He

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods

A total of 73 DM patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2024 were selected as the subjects,and 27 patients with secondary pulmonary fungal infection were divided into the observation group and 46 patients without infection as the control group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared,and the risk factors of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in DM patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed by Logistic regression. Draw a nomogram. The predictive value was analyzed by receiver operating curve (ROC).

Results

In the observation group,there were 15 cases (55.56%) of Candida albicans infection,7 cases (25.93%) of Candida tropicalis,4 cases (14.81%) of Candida parapsilosis,and 1 case (3.70%) of Candida krusei. In the observation group,19 cases (70.37%) survived,8 cases (29.63%) died,including 4 cases (14.81%) of respiratory failure,2 cases (7.41%) of multiple organ dysfunction and 2 cases (7.41%) of septic shock. The observation group was (40.09±12.33) years old,13 patients (48.15%) had a history of smoking,fasting blood glucose (13.09±2.89) mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose (15.88±4.17) mmol/L,broad-spectrum antibiotics (2.31±0.49) weeks,glucocorticoids (2.82±0. 58) week compared with the control group (47.63±12.16) years old,33 cases (52.17%) had a smoking history,fasting blood glucose (10.37±2.48) mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose (11.99±3.36) mmol/L,broad-spectrum antibiotics (1.86±0.41) weeks,glucocorticoid drug use (2). The difference was statistically significant at 21±0.51 weeks (P<0.05). Excluding confounding factors,Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose (OR= 1.952,95%CI:1.019~3.741),2 h postpranpranal blood glucose (OR=2.287,95%CI: 1.046 ~4.999),broad-spectrum antibiotics (OR=358.104,95%CI:2.482 ~51 661.842) and glucocorticoid use (OR=221.420,95%CI:1.651~29 691.790) were risk factors for secondary pulmonary fungal infection. ROC curve showed that the area under curve (AUC) of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,broad-spectrum antibiotics and glucocorticoids combined to predict secondary pulmonary fungal infection in DM patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 0.964. It was higher than that of single detection (Z=4.470,2.864,3.090,2.946,P<0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence of secondary pulmonary fungal infection in DM patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is high. Fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,broad-spectrum antibiotics and glucocorticoid drug are risk factors for secondary pulmonary fungal infection.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Diabetes mellitus, Present situation, Pulmonary fungal infection, Risk factors

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