分析肺癌患者化疗期间院内肺部感染临床特征及其影响因素。

选取2022年3月至2024年3月我院收治的74例肺癌患者为对象，以化疗期间是否发生院内肺部感染为分组依据，院内肺部感染者为观察组19例与无肺部感染者为对照组55例。分析病原菌分布及耐药情况，比较患者临床资料，以Logistic回归法进行多因素分析。

74例患者化疗期间发生院内肺部感染19例(25.67%)。共分离出27株病原菌，其中革兰阴性菌17株(62.96%)、革兰阳性菌6株(22.22%)及真菌4株(14.82%)；多种革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲基异恶唑的耐药率≥50.00%；金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物具有较高耐药性，对青霉素最敏感；观察组基础疾病、化疗药物种类≥2种、TNM分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、侵入性操作、化疗时间≥2个周期、白蛋白(Alb)<35 g/L、血红蛋白(Hb)<110 g/L及中性粒细胞减少占比高于对照组(P<0.05)；Alb<35 g/L、合并基础疾病、KPS评分<80分、侵入性操作、Hb<110 g/L、化疗药物≥2种、中性粒细胞减少、TNM Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、化疗≥2个周期是肺部感染发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。观察组生存11例(57.89%)，死亡8例(42.11%)；对照组生存52例(94.55%)，死亡3例(5.45%)；观察组病死率高于对照组。

肺癌患者化疗期间肺部感染发生率较高，危险因素多，预后差，应积极预防和治疗，以降低患者肺部感染发生风险。

To analyze the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of in-hospital pulmonary infections in lung cancer patients during chemotherapy.

74 lung cancer patients admitted to our hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The grouping was based on whether hospital acquired lung infections occurred during chemotherapy. The hospital acquired lung infections were the observation group 19 cases and the control group 55 cases. Analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, compare two sets of general data, and perform multivariate analysis using logistic regression.

During chemotherapy, 19 out of 74 patients developed hospital acquired pulmonary infections, with an incidence rate of 25.67%. A total of 27 pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 17 strains (62.96%) of gram-negative bacteria, 6 strains (22.22%) of gram-positive bacteria, and 4 strains (14.82%) of fungi; The resistance rates of various Gram negative bacteria to ampicillin, ampicillin sulbactam, and compound sulfamethoxazole are all ≥50.00%; Staphylococcus aureus has high resistance to commonly used antibiotics and is most sensitive to penicillin; The age of the observation group, KPS score<80 points before chemotherapy, underlying diseases, ≥2 types of chemotherapy drugs, TNM stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ, invasive procedures, chemotherapy time ≥2 cycles, Alb<35 g/L, Hb<110 g/L, and neutropenia were higher in the control group compared to the control group (P<0.05); Alb<35 g/L、Combining underlying diseases, KPS score<80, invasive procedures Hb<110 g/L, ≥ 2 types of chemotherapy drugs, neutropenia, TNM stages Ⅲ~Ⅳ, and ≥2 cycles of chemotherapy are risk factors for pulmonary infection (P<0.05).

The incidence of pulmonary infection during chemotherapy in lung cancer patients is relatively high, and there are many risk factors. Active prevention and treatment should be taken to reduce the risk of pulmonary infection in patients.