Expression and clinical significance of serum exosomal human microRNA-195-5p in non-small cell lung cancer

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2025.02.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the expression and clinical significance of human microRNA-195-5p（hsa-miR-195-5p） in serum exosomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）.

Methods

All of 107 patients with NSCLC admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024 were selected as the observation group，and 50 patients with benign lung disease confirmed by pathological examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Exosomes were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis（NTA），transmission electron microscope （TEM） and Western blot. real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （rtPCR） was used to detect hsa-miR-195-5p in serum exosomes of the two groups，and the diagnostic value of hsa-miR-195-5p in NSCLC was analyzed. The levels of hsa-miR-195-5p in NSCLC patients with different pathological features were compared.

Results

TEM showed that the classical complete membrane structure of extracellular vesicles was about 100 nm in diameter. NTA analysis showed that the diameter of the isolated vesicles in serum was （77.20±16.15） nm. Western blot analysis revealed the expression of CD9，CD63，TSG101 and Annexin V in the samples. The level of serum exosome hsa-miR-195-5p in the observation group was 0.28 （0.15，0.65） lower than that in the control group 1.13 （0.44，2.05）（P=0.000）.The area under curve （AUC）（95%CI） of serum exosome hsa-miR-195-5p for diagnosis of NSCLC was 0.824（0.752 ～0.895），the sensitivity was 0.766，and the specificity was 0.780. hsa-miR-195-5p combined carbohydrate antigen-125 （CA125），carcino-embryonic antigen，CEA），neuronspecific enolase （NSE），and human epididymal protein 4 （HE-4） in diagnosis of NSCLC had an AUC of 0.895 （Z=-3.099，P=0.001）.Low expression level of serum exosome hsa-miR-195-5p （＜0.28） was associated with higher disease stage （P=0.015）.

Conclusion

The decreased expression level of serum exosome hsa-miR-195-5p in patients with NSCLC has clinical significance in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary diseases，and it is helpful for the diagnosis of NSCLC and screening of high-risk groups.

Key words: Non-small cell lung cancer, Human microRNA-195-5p, Bioinformatics, Tumor biomarker

Qiushuang Ma, Minghan Yang, Yaolin Wang, Yingying Lan, Ziteng Liu, Jingku Zhang. Expression and clinical significance of serum exosomal human microRNA-195-5p in non-small cell lung cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 18(02): 261-265.

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URL: https://zhfbjbzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2025.02.011

https://zhfbjbzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V18/I02/261

Figures/Tables 5

组　别	例数	hsa-miR-3173-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-195-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］	hsa-miR-296-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-651-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］	hsa-miR-1307-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-424-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］
观察组	107	0.95±0.18	0.28（0.15，0.65）	0.97±0.11	1.21（0.76，1.47）	1.07±0.31	1.10（0.72，1.35）
对照组	50	1.00±0.09	1.13（0.44，2.05）	1.00±0.05	1.09（0.75，1.36）	1.01±0.12	1.03（0.76，1.27）
Z / t 值		1.856	-5.364	1.839	-1.053	1.321	-1.122
P值		0.065	0.000	0.068	0.179	0.188	0.147

组　别	例数	hsa-miR-3173-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-195-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］	hsa-miR-296-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-651-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］	hsa-miR-1307-5p（ $\overset{ˉ}{x}$ ± s ）	hsa-miR-424-5p［M（P₂₅，P₇₅）］
观察组	107	0.95±0.18	0.28（0.15，0.65）	0.97±0.11	1.21（0.76，1.47）	1.07±0.31	1.10（0.72，1.35）
对照组	50	1.00±0.09	1.13（0.44，2.05）	1.00±0.05	1.09（0.75，1.36）	1.01±0.12	1.03（0.76，1.27）
Z / t 值		1.856	-5.364	1.839	-1.053	1.321	-1.122
P值		0.065	0.000	0.068	0.179	0.188	0.147

临床特征	hsa-miR-195-5p 低表达（n=52）	hsa-miR-195-5p 高表达（n=55）	χ ²	P值
体质量指数　［n（％）］			0.177	0.674
≤24.9 kg/ m²	20（38.46）	19（34.55）
＞24.9 kg/ m²	32（61.54）	36（65.46）
吸烟史［n（％）］	46（88.46）	45（81.82）	0.928	0.336
EGFR/ KRAS突变［n（％）］	22（42.31）	30（54.55）	1.602	0.206
TNM 分期［n（％）］			8.455	0.015
Ⅰ	21（40.38）	35（63.64）
Ⅱ	16（30.77）	15（27.27）
Ⅲ	15（28.85）	5（9.09）
病理亚型［n（％）］			0.961	0.327
肺腺癌	31（59.62）	37（67.27）
肺鳞癌	19（36.54）	15（27.27）
其他	2（3.85）	3（5.45）

变　量	截断值	约登指数	灵敏度	特异度	AUC	95％CI
hsa-miR-195-5p	0.680	0.546	0.766	0.780	0.824	0.752～0.895
常规肿瘤标志物	0.655	0.353	0.847	0.506	0.723	0.638～0.808
hsa-miR-195-5p+常规肿瘤标志物	0.733	0.672	0.832	0.860	0.895	0.827～0.959

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