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中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (06) : 861 -868. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2024.06.003

论著

尼达尼布及吡非尼酮治疗特发性肺纤维化及非特发性肺纤维化的荟萃分析
陈天恩1, 刘树安2, 薛欢家3, 王慧1, 邱会格1, 高姗姗1, 陈兰新1, 经慧1, 武焱旻1,(), 王凯3,()   
  1. 1.221009 徐州,徐州医科大学徐州临床学院呼吸与危重症医学科
    2.221000 徐州,徐州市肿瘤医院呼吸与危重症医学科
    3.221009 徐州,徐州医科大学徐州临床学院麻醉科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-13 出版日期:2024-12-25
  • 通信作者: 武焱旻, 王凯
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81700078)江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20171172)徐州市科技计划(KC21055)徐州医科大学附属医院科技发展基金(XYFM2020005)徐州市医学重点人才(XWRCHT20220051)

Therapeutic effects of Nintedanib and Pirfenidone on idiopathic and non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis:A meta-analysis

Tianen Chen1, Shuan Liu2, Huanjia Xue3, Hui Wang1, Huige Qiu1, Shanshan Gao1, Lanxing Chen1, Hui Jing1, Yanmin Wu1,(), Kai Wang3,()   

  1. 1.Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, China
    2.Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China
    3.Department of Anesthesiology,Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, China
  • Received:2024-10-13 Published:2024-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Yanmin Wu, Kai Wang
引用本文:

陈天恩, 刘树安, 薛欢家, 王慧, 邱会格, 高姗姗, 陈兰新, 经慧, 武焱旻, 王凯. 尼达尼布及吡非尼酮治疗特发性肺纤维化及非特发性肺纤维化的荟萃分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(06): 861-868.

Tianen Chen, Shuan Liu, Huanjia Xue, Hui Wang, Huige Qiu, Shanshan Gao, Lanxing Chen, Hui Jing, Yanmin Wu, Kai Wang. Therapeutic effects of Nintedanib and Pirfenidone on idiopathic and non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis:A meta-analysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(06): 861-868.

目的

分析尼达尼布与吡非尼酮对特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)及非特发性肺纤维化(non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,Non-IPF)的抗纤维化疗效,对预后指标用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)及全因死亡的影响。

方法

检索PubMed、Embase、MEDLINE 数据库中尼达尼布或吡非尼酮治疗IPF 及Non-IPF 后FVC 减损程度及病死率的RCT 研究,检索截止2024 年3 月。 纳入文献中结局指标格式采用SPSS 25.0 软件标准化处理。 采用Review Manager 5.4 软件进行数据统计分析,应用随机效应模型合并效应值I2 判断异质性,Egger's 检验及漏斗图判断发表偏倚,敏感性分析判断结果稳健性。

结果

纳入17 篇文献,共5 099 例患者,观察组2 684 例,对照组2 415 例,荟萃分析显示,采用吡非尼酮或尼达尼布治疗肺纤维化,观察组FVC 减损小于对照组(SMD:1.48,95%CI:0.82 ~2.15);观察组与对照组比较全因病死率降低(OR:0.59,95%CI:0.45~0.77),两组差异有统计学意义,敏感性分析显示结果稳定。 亚组分析显示,尼达尼布治疗IPF(SMD:3.39,95%CI:2.77 ~4.01)、Non-IPF(SMD:2.25,95%CI:0.91~3.59)抑制FVC 减损,敏感性分析显示结果稳定。 吡非尼酮治疗IPF(SMD:0.37,95%CI:0.06~0.67)、Non-IPF(SMD:1.13,95%CI:0.14~2.12)可抑制FVC 减损,敏感性分析显示部分小样本量结果不稳定。 尼达尼布治疗IPF 对全因病死率有改善(OR:0.60,95%CI:0.38~0.94),尼达尼布治疗Non-IPF 对全因病死率无改善(OR:0.81,95%CI:0.43~1.54);吡非尼酮治疗IPF 对全因病死率有改善(OR:0.55,95%CI:0.37~0.82),吡非尼酮治疗Non-IPF 对全因病死率无改善(OR:0.40,95%CI:0.13~1.23)。

结论

尼达尼布与吡非尼酮可缓解多类肺纤维化FVC 减损,降低病死率。 尼达尼布治疗效果稳定,吡非尼酮对Non-IPF 疗效缺乏大样本支持,需明确结论稳健性。

Objective

To analyze the anti-fibrotic efficacy of Nintedanib and Pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Non-IPF).To clarify the impact of the two drugs on the important prognostic indicators of forced vital capacity (FVC) decrease and all-cause mortality.

Method

A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed,Embase,and MEDLINE databases updated to March 2024.It was included the randomized controlled trials which evaluated the degree of FVC reduction and mortality in IPF and Non-IPF patients treated with nintedanib or pirfenidone.SPSS 25.0 software was used for data standardization when the data format of the outcomes was inconsistent.Review Manager 5.4 software was used for statistical analysis.The random effects model was used to assess standardized mean difference (SMD)and confidence intervals (CI). I2 was used to assess the heterogeneity.Egger's test and funnel plot were used to evaluate publication bias.Egger's test showed (P<0.05) or the funnel plot showed asymmetry,indicating the presence of publication bias.Sensitivity analysis was conducted by conducting individual deletion studies and comparing the changes in the average effect size before and after deletion to determine the robustness of the summary results.

Result

A total of 17 articles with 5099 patients were included in this study,2 684 cases in obseruation greup,2 415 cases in control group.The Meta-analysis showed that when the treatment of various types of pulmonary fibrosis with Pirfenidone or Nintedanib,the grade of FVC decrease in the observation group was significantly smaller than that in the control group (SMD:1.48,95%CI:0.82-2.15).The all-cause mortality rate was also significantly decreased in the observation group than in the control group (OR:0.59,95%CI:0.45-0.77).There was no heterogeneity among the studies, I2=0%, P=0.62,and sensitivity analysis showed stable results.The Subgroup analysis results showed that Nintedanib treatment for IPF (SMD:3.39,95%CI:2.77-4.01) and Non-IPF (SMD:2.25,95%CI:0.91-3.59) both attenuated the FVC decrease,and sensitivity analysis showed stable results.Pirfenidone treatment for IPF (SMD:0.37,95%CI:0.06-0.67) and Non-IPF (SMD:1.13,95%CI:0.14-2.12) can also inhibited FVC decrease,but sensitivity analysis found that there were some small sample size studies,indicating unstable results.Nintedanib had a prior effect on the all-cause mortality when treated for IPF (OR:0.60,95%CI:0.38-0.94),while had no significant effect on Non-IPF (OR:0.81,95%CI:0.43-1.54).Pirfenidone had a prior effect on the all-cause mortality when treated for IPF (OR:0.55,95%CI:0.37-0.82),while had no significant effect on Non-IPF (OR:0.40,95%CI:0.13-1.23).

Conclusion

In the summary analysis of a large sample,the overall therapeutic effect of the two drugs is effective.Nintedanib and Pirfenidone can attenuate the FVC decrease in various types of pulmonary fibrosis patients and reduce the mortality.The therapeutic effect of nintedanib is stable.the effect of pirfenidone on Non-IPF is not so stable because of lack of big sample trials support and further research is needed to clarify the conclusion.

表1 纳入5 099 例IPF 患者临床基本资料
第一作者 发表年份 收录杂志 试验类型 时长(月) 疾病名称 研究药物 观察组(n 对照组(n 药物用法 FVC 全因死亡
Azuma[18] 2005 美国呼吸重症 常规RCT 9 IPF P 73 36 200 mg tid 两天,400 mg tid两天,600 mg tid维持 ml/9月 N/A
Taniguc-hi[19] 2010 欧洲呼吸 Ⅲ期临床 12 IPF P 104 103 1 800 mg qd ml/年 N/A
Noble(004)[20] 2011 柳叶刀 CAPACITY/Ⅱ期临床 18 IPF P 174 174 801 mg tid %预测值 Y
Noble(006)[20] 2011 柳叶刀 CAPACITY/Ⅱ期临床 18 IPF P 171 173 801 mg tid %预测值 Y
Richeldi[21] 2011 新英格兰医学 Ⅱ期临床 12 IPF N 84 83 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Richeldi[11] 2014 新英格兰医学 INPULSIS trial 1 12 IPF N 309 204 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Richeldi[11] 2014 新英格兰医学 INPULSIS trial 2 12 IPF N 329 219 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
King[9] 2014 新英格兰医学 ASCEND/Ⅲ期临床 12 IPF P 278 277 2 403 mg qd ml/年 Y
Huang[22] 2015 医学 Ⅱ期临床 11 IPF P 38 38 1 800 mg qd ml/11月 Y
Flaherty[24] 2019 新英格兰医学 INBUILD trial 12 Non-IPF/NSIP,uIIP,HP,RA-ILD,SSc-ILD N 332 331 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Distler[23] 2019 新英格兰医学 SENSCIS/Ⅲ期临床 12 Non-IPF/SSc-ILD N 288 288 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Maher[26] 2020 柳叶刀呼吸医学 Ⅱ期临床 6 Non-IPF/uILD P 118 119 2 403 mg qd ml/6月 Y
Acharya[25] 2020 风湿病学 常规RCT 6 Non-IPF P 17 17 600 mg qd;每周增加 600 mg qd;直至 2 400 mg qd ml/年 N/A
Behr[27] 2021 柳叶刀呼吸医学 Ⅱ期临床 11 Non-IPF/NSIP,HP,RA-ILD,SSc-ILD,ALF P 35 32 第一周267 mg bid;第二周534 mg bid;之后801 mg bid ml/11月 Y
Cottin[28] 2021 呼吸研究 INBUILD trial 12 Non-IPF N 155 147 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Kuwana[29] 2021 现代风湿病学 SENSCIS/Ⅲ期临床 12 Non-IPF/SSc-ILD N 34 36 150 mg bid ml/年 Y
Kreuter[12] 2022 治疗进展 Ⅱ期临床 6 Non-IPF/μILD P 60 69 2 403 mg qd ml/年 Y
Fernández[10] 2023 胸腔 常规RCT 12 Non-IPF/FHP P 27 13 2 403 mg qd %预测值 N/A
Solomon[30] 2023 柳叶刀呼吸医学 常规RCT 12 Non-IPF/RA-ILD P 63 60 2 403 mg qd ml/年 Y
图1 药物治疗对患者FVC 下降的荟萃分析。 注:Nintedanib:尼达尼布;Pirfenidone:吡非尼酮;FVC:用力肺活量
图2 药物治疗对患者全因病死率影响的荟萃分析。 注:Nintedanib:尼达尼布;Pirfenidone:吡非尼酮
图3 尼达尼布对患者FVC 减损的治疗作用荟萃分析。 注:IPF:特发性肺纤维化;Non-IPF:非特发性肺纤维化;FVC:用力肺活量
图4 吡非尼酮对患者FVC 减损的治疗作用荟萃分析。 注:IPF:特发性肺纤维化;Non-IPF:非特发性肺纤维化;FVC:用力肺活量
图5 尼达尼布对患者全因病死率改善作用的荟萃分析。注:IPF:特发性肺纤维化;Non-IPF:非特发性肺纤维化
图6 吡非尼酮对患者全因病死率改善作用的荟萃分析。注:IPF:特发性肺纤维化;Non-IPF:非特发性肺纤维化
图7 纳入文献的发表偏倚漏斗图。 注:IPF:特发性肺纤维化;Non-IPF:非特发性肺纤维化;Nintedanib:尼达尼布;Prifenidone:吡非尼酮
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