卵白蛋白诱导哮喘模型大鼠中三子养亲汤联合小青龙汤对肺组织及CD4<sup>＋</sup> T细胞的调节效应研究

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2026.05.008

中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (05) : 766 -772. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2026.05.008

论著

卵白蛋白诱导哮喘模型大鼠中三子养亲汤联合小青龙汤对肺组织及CD4^＋ T细胞的调节效应研究

忽景泰¹^,^†(

), 李贞², 马乐³, 张水旺¹, 张丽婷¹, 钟楚毓¹, 龚珊¹

¹519000　珠海，珠海市第三人民医院感染内科
²519000　珠海，珠海市第三人民医院呼吸结核科
³519000　珠海，珠海市第三人民医院中医科

收稿日期:2026-05-12 出版日期:2026-10-25
通信作者: 忽景泰
基金资助:
广东省中医药局中医药科研项目(20241292)

Regulatory effects of sanzi yangqin decoction combined with xiaoqinglong decoction on lung tissue and CD4⁺ T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rats

Jingtai Hu¹^,^†(), Zhen Li², Le Ma³, Shuiwang Zhang¹, Liting Zhang¹, Chuyu Zhong¹, Shan Gong¹

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhuhai Third People′s Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
²Department of Respiratory and Tuberculosis, Zhuhai Third People′s Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
³Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai Third People′s Hospital, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China

Received:2026-05-12 Published:2026-10-25
Corresponding author: Jingtai Hu

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引用本文：

忽景泰, 李贞, 马乐, 张水旺, 张丽婷, 钟楚毓, 龚珊. 卵白蛋白诱导哮喘模型大鼠中三子养亲汤联合小青龙汤对肺组织及CD4^＋ T细胞的调节效应研究[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(05): 766-772.

Jingtai Hu, Zhen Li, Le Ma, Shuiwang Zhang, Liting Zhang, Chuyu Zhong, Shan Gong. Regulatory effects of sanzi yangqin decoction combined with xiaoqinglong decoction on lung tissue and CD4⁺ T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rats[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 19(05): 766-772.

目的

探讨三子养亲汤联合小青龙汤对卵白蛋白(ovalbumin, OVA)诱导哮喘大鼠肺组织及外周血CD4^＋ T淋巴细胞的影响。

方法

将50只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、哮喘模型组、地塞米松组、三子养亲汤＋小青龙汤组、地塞米松＋三子养亲汤＋小青龙汤组，每组10只，雌雄各半。除空白对照组外，其余每组采用OVA致敏和激发建立哮喘模型。造模成功后每治疗组灌胃相应药物2周，空白对照组和模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水。实验结束后测定静息每分钟通气量(minute ventilation, VE)和呼气峰流速(peak expiratory flow, PEF)；流式细胞术检测外周血辅助性T细胞17(T helper 17 cells, Th17)、调节性T细胞(regulatory t cells, Treg)、辅助性T细胞1(T helper 1 cells, Th1)、辅助性T细胞2(T helper 2 cells, Th2)比例；ELISA法检测血清干扰素-γ(interferon-γ，IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2, IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(interleukin-4, IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(interleukin-10, IL-10)、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17, IL-17)水平；qRT-PCR和Western blot检测肺组织表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)、磷酸化表皮生长因子受体(phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor, p-EGFR)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PI3K)、磷酸化磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, p-PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B, AKT)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(phosphorylated protein kinase B, p-AKT)的mRNA和蛋白表达。

结果

(1)肺功能：模型组VE和PEF低于空白对照组[(85.32±10.25) ml 比 (165.25±26.36) ml，(2.87±0.13 )ml/s 比 (5.30±0.39) ml/s，P<0.05]每治疗组上述指标升高(P<0.05)，三药联合组VE和PEF分别升至(150.32±18.42 )ml和(4.64±0.25 )ml/s；(2)肺纤维化：模型组肺胶原纤维面积较空白对照组增加[(49.55±5.65)%比 (3.26±0.25)%，P<0.05]；三药联合组降至(19.25±2.05)%；(3)T细胞亚群：模型组Th17/Treg和Th1/Th2失衡(P<0.05)；三药联合组Th17/Treg较模型组降低[(1.90±0.19)比(0.45±0.04)]，Th1/Th2 升高[(0.89±0.11)比6.29±0.57](P<0.05)；(4)细胞因子：模型组IL-4、IL-10、IL-17升高，IFN-γ、IL-2降低(P<0.05)；三药联合组上述指标逆转(P<0.05)；(5)通路分子：模型组EGFR、p-EGFR、PI3K、p-PI3K、AKT、p-AKT的mRNA和蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)；三药联合组上述指标降低，p-EGFR/EGFR较模型组降低。双药联合组及三药联合组上述指标改善优于地塞米松组，三药联合组优于双药联合组(P<0.05)。

结论

三子养亲汤联合小青龙汤通过抑制EGFR-PI3K-AKT信号通路异常激活，改善哮喘大鼠气道炎症、肺功能异常，恢复CD4^＋ T细胞中Th1/Th2和Th17/Treg免疫平衡。

关键词: 支气管哮喘, 小青龙汤, 三子养亲汤, CD4^＋ T淋巴细胞, Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg

Objective

To investigate the effects of Sanzi Yangqin Decoction combined with Xiaoqinglong Decoction on lung tissue and peripheral blood CD4⁺ T lymphocytes in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic rats.

Methods

Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, asthma model group, dexamethasone group, Sanzi Yangqin Decoction + Xiaoqinglong Decoction group (double-drug combination), and dexamethasone + Sanzi Yangqin Decoction + Xiaoqinglong Decoction group (triple-drug combination), with 10 rats in each group (half male and half female). Except for the blank control group, asthma models were established by OVA sensitization and challenge in all other groups. After successful modeling, the treatment groups received corresponding drugs via intragastric administration for 2 weeks, while the blank control and model groups received equal volumes of normal saline. At the end of the experiment, resting minute ventilation (VE) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured; the proportions of peripheral blood T helper 17 cells (Th17), regulatory T cells (Treg), T helper 1 cells (Th1), and T helper 2 cells (Th2) were detected by flow cytometry; serum levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) were measured by ELISA; and the mRNA and protein expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphorylated EGFR (p-EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) in lung tissues were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot.

Results

(1) Pulmonary function: VE and PEF in the model group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group [ (85.32±10.25) ml vs. (165.25±26.36) ml, (2.87±0.13) ml/s vs. (5.30±0.39) ml/s, P<0.05]; all treatment groups showed increased VE and PEF (P<0.05), with the triple-drug combination group increasing VE and PEF to (150.32±18.42) ml and (4.64±0.25)ml/s, respectively. (2)Pulmonary fibrosis: The lung collagen fiber area in the model group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group [(49.55±5.65)% vs. (3.26±0.25)%, P<0.05]; the triple-drug combination group reduced it to (19.25±2.05)%. (3) T cell subsets: The model group showed imbalances in Th17/Treg and Th1/Th2 ratios (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the triple-drug combination group decreased Th17/Treg [ (1.90±0.19) vs. (0.45±0.04)] and increased Th1/Th2 [(0.89±0.11) vs. (6.29±0.57)] (P<0.05). (4) Cytokines: The model group had elevated IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17, and decreased IFN-γ and IL-2 (P<0.05); the triple-drug combination group reversed these changes (P<0.05). (5) Pathway molecules: The mRNA and protein expressions of EGFR, p-EGFR, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.05); the triple-drug combination group reduced these expressions and decreased the p-EGFR/EGFR ratio compared with the model group. The improvements in all above indicators in the double-drug and triple-drug combination groups were superior to those in the dexamethasone group, and the triple-drug combination group was superior to the double-drug combination group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Sanzi Yangqin Decoction combined with Xiaoqinglong Decoction ameliorates airway inflammation and pulmonary function abnormalities and restores Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg immune balance in CD4⁺ T cells in asthmatic rats by inhibiting the aberrant activation of the EGFR-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Key words: Bronchial asthma, Xiaoqinglong decoction, Sanzi yangqin decoction, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg

表1 每组大鼠VE、PEF比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	VE(ml)	PEF(ml/s)
空白对照组	10	165.25±26.36	5.30±0.39
哮喘模型组	10	85.32±10.25^a	2.87±0.13^a
地塞米松组	10	98.24±13.66^b	3.36±0.18^b
双药联合组	10	126.65±16.50^bc	4.11±0.22^bc
三药联合组	10	150.32±18.42^bcd	4.64±0.25^bcd

表1 每组大鼠VE、PEF比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	VE(ml)	PEF(ml/s)
空白对照组	10	165.25±26.36	5.30±0.39
哮喘模型组	10	85.32±10.25^a	2.87±0.13^a
地塞米松组	10	98.24±13.66^b	3.36±0.18^b
双药联合组	10	126.65±16.50^bc	4.11±0.22^bc
三药联合组	10	150.32±18.42^bcd	4.64±0.25^bcd

图1 各组大鼠肺组织组织病理学图注：A~E为HE染色（200×）；F~J为Masson染色（200×）；A、F为空白对照组；B、G为哮喘模型组；C、H为地塞米松组；D、I为双药联合组；E、J为三药联合组

表2 每组大鼠肺胶原纤维面积的比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	肺胶原纤维面积(%)
空白对照组	10	3.26±0.25
哮喘模型组	10	49.55±5.65^a
地塞米松组	10	32.41±3.05^b
双药联合组	10	25.69±2.32^bc
三药联合组	10	19.25±2.05^bcd

表2 每组大鼠肺胶原纤维面积的比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	肺胶原纤维面积(%)
空白对照组	10	3.26±0.25
哮喘模型组	10	49.55±5.65^a
地塞米松组	10	32.41±3.05^b
双药联合组	10	25.69±2.32^bc
三药联合组	10	19.25±2.05^bcd

图2 图A为空白对照组；图B为哮喘模型组；图C为地塞米松组；图D为双药联合组；图E为三药联合组

表3 每组大鼠外周血T细胞亚群比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	Th17(%)	Treg(%)	Th17/Treg	Th1(%)	Th2(%)	Th1/Th2
空白对照组	10	0.93±0.06	5.63±0.39	0.17±0.03	32.26±1.21	2.99±0.28	10.79±1.36
哮喘模型组	10	2.36±0.13^a	1.24±0.13^a	1.90±0.19^a	9.85±0.34^a	11.02±0.10^a	0.89±0.11^a
地塞米松组	10	2.03±0.10^b	2.36±0.18^b	0.86±0.10^b	15.15±0.57^b	9.84±0.08^b	1.54±0.15^b
双药联合组	10	1.73±0.09^bc	2.69±0.22^bc	0.64±0.08^bc	21.18±0.78^bc	7.66±0.06^bc	2.76±0.23^bc
三药联合组	10	1.46±0.07^bcd	3.25±0.25^bcd	0.45±0.04^bcd	26.98±0.87^bcd	4.29±0.05^bcd	6.29±0.57^bcd

表3 每组大鼠外周血T细胞亚群比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	Th17(%)	Treg(%)	Th17/Treg	Th1(%)	Th2(%)	Th1/Th2
空白对照组	10	0.93±0.06	5.63±0.39	0.17±0.03	32.26±1.21	2.99±0.28	10.79±1.36
哮喘模型组	10	2.36±0.13^a	1.24±0.13^a	1.90±0.19^a	9.85±0.34^a	11.02±0.10^a	0.89±0.11^a
地塞米松组	10	2.03±0.10^b	2.36±0.18^b	0.86±0.10^b	15.15±0.57^b	9.84±0.08^b	1.54±0.15^b
双药联合组	10	1.73±0.09^bc	2.69±0.22^bc	0.64±0.08^bc	21.18±0.78^bc	7.66±0.06^bc	2.76±0.23^bc
三药联合组	10	1.46±0.07^bcd	3.25±0.25^bcd	0.45±0.04^bcd	26.98±0.87^bcd	4.29±0.05^bcd	6.29±0.57^bcd

表4 每组大鼠血清IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IL-17水平比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	IFN-γ(pg/ml)	IL-2(pg/ml)	IL-4(pg/ml)	IL-10(pg/ml)	IL-17(pg/ml)
空白对照组	10	474.88±43.56	333.74±35.63	23.85±3.93	58.02±6.99	38.34±4.59
哮喘模型组	10	102.54±10.15^a	88.54±11.47^a	223.56±16.25^a	289.65±33.42^a	289.36±32.49^a
地塞米松组	10	182.14±14.57^b	166.59±17.52^b	186.36±13.81^b	203.53±25.53^b	213.53±23.83^b
双药联合组	10	256.47±18.54^bc	204.59±23.85^bc	150.58±10.52^bc	167.95±20.48^bc	157.37±21.74^bc
三药联合组	10	304.78±29.36^bcd	266.36±27.73^bcd	116.47±9.44^bcd	104.54±15.12^bcd	89.54±14.82^bcd

表4 每组大鼠血清IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IL-17水平比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	IFN-γ(pg/ml)	IL-2(pg/ml)	IL-4(pg/ml)	IL-10(pg/ml)	IL-17(pg/ml)
空白对照组	10	474.88±43.56	333.74±35.63	23.85±3.93	58.02±6.99	38.34±4.59
哮喘模型组	10	102.54±10.15^a	88.54±11.47^a	223.56±16.25^a	289.65±33.42^a	289.36±32.49^a
地塞米松组	10	182.14±14.57^b	166.59±17.52^b	186.36±13.81^b	203.53±25.53^b	213.53±23.83^b
双药联合组	10	256.47±18.54^bc	204.59±23.85^bc	150.58±10.52^bc	167.95±20.48^bc	157.37±21.74^bc
三药联合组	10	304.78±29.36^bcd	266.36±27.73^bcd	116.47±9.44^bcd	104.54±15.12^bcd	89.54±14.82^bcd

表5 每组大鼠肺EGFR、p-EGFR、PI3K、p-PI3K、AKT、p-AKT mRNA水平比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	EGFR mRNA	p-EGFR mRNA	PI3K mRNA	p-PI3K mRNA	AKT mRNA	p-AKT mRNA
空白对照组	10	0.35±0.04	0.39±0.05	0.25±0.06	0.31±0.03	0.27±0.04	0.38±0.05
哮喘模型组	10	4.56±0.25^a	3.54±0.31^a	3.45±0.27^a	4.36±0.33^a	4.86±0.24^a	4.29±0.35^a
地塞米松组	10	3.36±0.20^b	2.82±0.27^b	2.74±0.23^b	3.73±0.25^b	3.73±0.19^b	3.53±0.27^b
双药联合组	10	2.42±0.18^bc	2.15±0.22^bc	2.16±0.18^bc	3.02±0.19^bc	2.82±0.17^bc	2.75±0.23^bc
三药联合组	10	1.25±0.11^bcd	1.36±0.13^bcd	1.34±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.14^bcd
组　别	例数	EGFR/GAPDH	p-EGFR/GAPDH	PI3K/GAPDH	p-PI3K/GAPDH	AKT/GAPDH	p-AKT/GAPDH
空白对照组	10	0.14±0.03	0.15±0.02	0.25±0.05	0.27±0.06	0.15±0.04	0.07±0.05
哮喘模型组	10	1.38±0.12^a	1.37±0.14^a	1.59±0.18^a	1.63±0.17^a	1.43±0.13^a	1.48±0.14^a
地塞米松组	10	1.06±0.09^b	1.08±0.10^b	1.19±0.13^b	1.23±0.12^b	1.12±0.11^b	1.11±0.10^b
双药联合组	10	0.63±0.06^bc	0.72±0.05^bc	0.83±0.10^bc	0.89±0.09^bc	0.83±0.08^bc	0.81±0.07^bc
三药联合组	10	0.45±0.04^bcd	0.36±0.04^bcd	0.53±0.06^bcd	0.62±0.05^bcd	0.43±0.06^bcd	0.45±0.07^bcd

表5 每组大鼠肺EGFR、p-EGFR、PI3K、p-PI3K、AKT、p-AKT mRNA水平比较(

±s)

组　别	例数	EGFR mRNA	p-EGFR mRNA	PI3K mRNA	p-PI3K mRNA	AKT mRNA	p-AKT mRNA
空白对照组	10	0.35±0.04	0.39±0.05	0.25±0.06	0.31±0.03	0.27±0.04	0.38±0.05
哮喘模型组	10	4.56±0.25^a	3.54±0.31^a	3.45±0.27^a	4.36±0.33^a	4.86±0.24^a	4.29±0.35^a
地塞米松组	10	3.36±0.20^b	2.82±0.27^b	2.74±0.23^b	3.73±0.25^b	3.73±0.19^b	3.53±0.27^b
双药联合组	10	2.42±0.18^bc	2.15±0.22^bc	2.16±0.18^bc	3.02±0.19^bc	2.82±0.17^bc	2.75±0.23^bc
三药联合组	10	1.25±0.11^bcd	1.36±0.13^bcd	1.34±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.12^bcd	1.54±0.14^bcd
组　别	例数	EGFR/GAPDH	p-EGFR/GAPDH	PI3K/GAPDH	p-PI3K/GAPDH	AKT/GAPDH	p-AKT/GAPDH
空白对照组	10	0.14±0.03	0.15±0.02	0.25±0.05	0.27±0.06	0.15±0.04	0.07±0.05
哮喘模型组	10	1.38±0.12^a	1.37±0.14^a	1.59±0.18^a	1.63±0.17^a	1.43±0.13^a	1.48±0.14^a
地塞米松组	10	1.06±0.09^b	1.08±0.10^b	1.19±0.13^b	1.23±0.12^b	1.12±0.11^b	1.11±0.10^b
双药联合组	10	0.63±0.06^bc	0.72±0.05^bc	0.83±0.10^bc	0.89±0.09^bc	0.83±0.08^bc	0.81±0.07^bc
三药联合组	10	0.45±0.04^bcd	0.36±0.04^bcd	0.53±0.06^bcd	0.62±0.05^bcd	0.43±0.06^bcd	0.45±0.07^bcd

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Regulatory effects of sanzi yangqin decoction combined with xiaoqinglong decoction on lung tissue and CD4⁺ T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rats

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Regulatory effects of sanzi yangqin decoction combined with xiaoqinglong decoction on lung tissue and CD4+ T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rats

Regulatory effects of sanzi yangqin decoction combined with xiaoqinglong decoction on lung tissue and CD4⁺ T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rats