切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (03) : 397 -401. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6902.2024.03.010

论著

支气管镜在儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎中的应用分析
马甜甜1, 张红军1,(), 顾兴1, 李文洁1, 赵延军1, 苟超伦2, 严雯2   
  1. 1. 710100 西安,西安市胸科医院呼吸与危重症医学科
    2. 710100 西安,西安市胸科医院妇儿结核科
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-13 出版日期:2024-06-25
  • 通信作者: 张红军
  • 基金资助:
    西安市科技计划项目(2022JH-YBYJ-0157)

Application analysis of bronchoscopy in severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia of children

Tiantian Ma1, Hongjun Zhang1,(), Xing Gu1, Wenjie Li1, Yanjun Zhao1, Chaolun Gao2, Wen Yan2   

  1. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi′an Chest Hospital, Xi′an 710100, China
    2. Department of Gynecology and Pediatric Tuberculosis, Xi′an Chest Hospital, Xi′an 710100, China
  • Received:2024-01-13 Published:2024-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Hongjun Zhang
引用本文:

马甜甜, 张红军, 顾兴, 李文洁, 赵延军, 苟超伦, 严雯. 支气管镜在儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎中的应用分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(03): 397-401.

Tiantian Ma, Hongjun Zhang, Xing Gu, Wenjie Li, Yanjun Zhao, Chaolun Gao, Wen Yan. Application analysis of bronchoscopy in severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia of children[J]. Chinese Journal of Lung Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(03): 397-401.

目的

回顾性分析肺炎支原体肺炎(mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, MPP)患儿临床资料,有助于支气管镜下治疗的重症肺炎支原体肺炎(severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, SMPP)早期识别。

方法

选择2023年11月6日至2023年12月14日我院呼吸与危重症医学科在支原体感染爆发期间收治的轻型和重型肺炎支原体肺炎158例,按照是否进行支气管镜下治疗,分为观察组84例支气管镜下治疗和对照组74例非支气管镜下治疗。比较两组患儿的性别、年龄、最高体温、白细胞、中性粒细胞、超敏C反应蛋白、胸部CT特征、病程、住院时间和住院费用等。

结果

观察组年龄7~9岁53例(63.10%)高于对照组31例(41.89%)(P<0.05);两组以重症为主,观察组60例(71.43%)高于对照组27例(36.49%)(P<0.001)。观察组最高体温(39.30±0.83)℃、和入院超敏C反应蛋白[18.51(8.10,42.71)]mg/L,从发病到开始住院时间A(8.96±5.56)d,住院时间B(8.54±2.90)d,总病程(A+B)(17.50±6.25)d,平均住院时间(9.08±2.92)d及住院费用(7 271.20±2 875.83)元高于对照组(38.84±0.80)℃、[10.03(3.70,21.72)]mg/L、(6.65±6.21)d、(6.70±2.01)d、(13.35±6.46)d、(7.53±2.10)d、(3 360.27±1 320.35)元(P<0.05)。胸部CT显示,两组治疗后两肺的感染面积较治疗前有明显的减少(P<0.005)。并发塑形性支气管炎(plastic bronchitis, PB)病例,经支气管镜下治疗后症状、病情及影像改善较好。

结论

从年龄、体温、超敏C反应蛋白和病程等,结合胸部CT特征,早期识别SMPP患儿及需进行支气管镜下治疗,对提高SMPP患儿的救治具有临床意义。

Objective

The clinical data of pediatric patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, to explore the early identification of severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP) requiring bronchoscopic treatment.

Methods

158 cases of mild and severe MPP were recruited in our hospital from November 2023 to December 2023 during the outbreak of Mycoplasma infection, divided into the control group with non-bronchoscopic treatment 74 cases and the observation group with bronchoscopic treatment 84 cases. Then, the gender, age, highest body temperature, white blood cells, neutrophils, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, chest CT features, disease course, hospitalization time, and hospitalization costs of the two groups of patients were analyzed.

Results

In the observation group, the age of children was mainly 7-9 years old (63.10%), and the condition is mainly severe (71.43%), with a significant difference compared to the control group (P<0.05). The highest body temperature, admission hypersensitive C-reactive protein, length of hospital stay from onset to onset A, length of hospital stay B, total course of disease (A+ B), average length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs of the two groups were (38.84±0.80)℃ vs. (39.30±0.83)℃, [10.03 (3.70, 21.72)] mg/L vs. [18.51 (8.10, 42.71)]mg/L, (6.65±6.21 )days vs. (8.96±5.56) days, (6.70±2.01) days vs. (8.54±2.90) days, (13.35±6.46) days vs. (17.50±6.25) days, (7.53±2.10) days vs. (9.08±2.92) days, (3 360.27±1 320.35) yuan vs. (7 271.20±2 875.83) yuan, the observation group was higher than control group (P<0.05). Chest CT showed a significant reduction in the infection area of both lungs after treatment in both groups compared to before treatment, with statistical significance (P<0.005). A few cases of concurrent plastic bronchitis (PB) have shown good improvement in symptoms, condition, and imaging after bronchoscopic treatment.

Conclusion

Starting from general clinical data such as age, highest body temperature, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, and disease course, combined with chest CT features, early identification of SMPP patients who require bronchoscopic treatment can improve the treatment effectiveness of SMPP.

表1 肺炎支原体肺炎患儿一般临床资料比较[(±s),n(%)]
表2 两组治疗前后白细胞、中性粒细胞和胸部CT感染面积比较[n(%)]
图1 患儿8岁,男,患肺炎支原体肺炎。注:A:胸部CT肺窗影像显示左肺下叶实变;B:胸部CT纵膈窗影像显示左肺下叶实变;C:支气管镜下可见痰栓,阻塞支气管;D:经支气管镜取出的树枝状塑型痰栓
1
刘又宁. "非典型肺炎"的命名问题[J]. 科技术语研究2003, 5(2):15.
2
吴卫照,刘东成. 支气管镜肺泡灌洗治疗幼儿重症肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效观察及肺功能的变化特点[J]. 实用医学杂志 2019, 35(1): 132-135.
3
赵顺英,陈志敏,刘瀚旻,等. 国家卫生健康委员会《儿童肺炎支原体肺炎诊治指南(2023年版)》重点解读[J]. 临床儿科杂志2023, 41(3): 224-228.
4
严秋丽,郝创利. 儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎不同时机支气管镜干预临床研究[J]. 中国中西医结合儿科学2022, 14(2): 138-141.
5
王亚翠,吴喜蓉,刘 芳,等. 2016年至2019年北京住院儿童肺炎支原体感染流行病学特征和耐药性[J]. 中华实用儿科临床杂志2022, 37(14): 1082-1085.
6
邓如玉,罗征秀. 儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎生物标志物研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展2024, 14(3): 200-205.
7
Yan C, Xue G, Zhao H, et al. Molecular and clinical characteristics of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children[J]. Pediatric pulmonology, 2019, 54(7): 1012-1021.
8
国家卫生健康委员会人才交流服务中心儿科呼吸内镜诊疗技术项目专家组,中国医师协会儿科医师分会内镜专业委员会,中国医师协会内镜医师分会儿科呼吸内镜专业委员会,等. 中国儿童难治性肺炎呼吸内镜介入诊疗专家共识[J]. 中国实用儿科杂志2019, 34(6): 449-457.
9
彭 博,张 奕,朱春梅. 支气管肺泡灌洗液中Th1/Th2、IL-6水平与儿童肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息的相关性分析[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(2): 212-214.
10
刘逸琳,孙静敏,丁俊丽. 雾化吸入乙酰半胱氨酸联合支气管镜在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎中的应用[J]. 安徽医科大学学报2023, 58(3): 515-518,522.
11
陈佳怡,张 晗,尚云晓. 肺炎支原体肺炎支气管肺泡灌洗液中23S rRNA耐药基因阳性患儿的临床及支气管镜下特点[J]. 中华实用儿科临床杂志2022, 37(12): 897-902.
12
郑 哲. 纤维支气管镜吸痰联合灌洗对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿呼吸动力学指标及支气管镜下表现的影响[J]. 中国实用乡村医生杂志2022, 29(9): 66-69.
13
张利兵,徐金梅,陈 晓,等. 超细支气管镜在儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎的应用[J]. 江苏医药2022, 48(4): 344-346.
14
Li H, Li S, Yang H, et al. Resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumonia by macrolide-resistant epidemic clones in China[J]. Lancet Microbe, 2024, S2666-5247(23): 00405-406.
15
蔡玲利,钟 森. 肺炎支原体肺炎的研究进展[J]. 河北医药2022, 44(11): 1726-1731.
16
朱丽臻,范文萃,李梦瑶,等. 外周血NLRP3、IL-18和IL-1β在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿中的表达及检测意义[J/CD]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(6): 860-863.
17
刘 峰. 肺炎支原体肺炎与预后相关的临床指标[J]. 临床儿科杂志2022, 40(4): 247-251.
18
吴会芳,张景丽,刘晓娟,等. 支气管镜治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎临床观察及黏液栓形成的危险因素[J]. 国际呼吸杂志2021, 41(12): 908-913.
19
Wang J, Xia C, Sharma A, et al. Chest CT findings and differential diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and mycoplasma pneumoniae combined with streptococcal pneumonia in Children[J]. J Healthc Eng, 2021, 2021: 8085530.
20
Zhang FZ, Huang MX, Tao XF, et al. Plastic bronchitis associated with human bocavirus 1 infection in children[J]. Pediatr Pulmonol, 2024. doi: 10.1002/ppul.27113.
21
Zhu LM, Li CX, Gong XL, et al. Clinical features of plastic bronchitis in children after congenital heart surgery[J]. Ital J Pediatr, 2024, 50(1): 74.
22
Xu XH, Cai JR, Fan HF, et al. Analysis of the risk factors for plastic bronchitis in Children with severe adenovirus pneumonia: A retrospective study[J]. Infect Drug Resist, 2024, 17: 1011-1019.
23
舒玲莉,钟 琳,丘 力,等. 86例儿童塑型性支气管炎临床分析[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2021, 52(5): 855-858.
24
Helena RW, Olubunmi O, Aaron St-L, et al. Plastic bronchitis in a Child with fontan physiology after COVID-19 infection[J]. CJC Pediatr Congenit Heart Dis, 2023, 2(6 Part B): 481-483.
25
Yang L, Zhang YY, Shen CQ. Clinical features and risk factors of plastic bronchitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children[J]. BMC Pulm Med, 2023, 23(1): 468.
26
Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, et al. Effects of bronchoalveolar lavage on refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia[J]. Respiratory care, 2014, 59(9): 1433-1439.
27
储芳芳,梁 磊,许崇玉,等. 早期应用软式支气管镜治疗对小儿肺炎支原体肺炎合并支气管黏液栓的疗效[J]. 临床和实验医学杂志2023,(4): 410-414.
28
王 贞,王 军,孙 芳,等. 纤维支气管镜介入时机对伴气道内黏液栓塞肺炎支原体肺炎患儿肺复张的影响[J]. 热带医学杂志2022, (3): 387-391, 449.
29
刘 冉,许 磊. 纤维支气管镜早期介入治疗儿童重症肺炎支原体肺炎合并肺不张的临床疗效[J]. 中国内镜杂志2022, (11): 71-76.
30
王 琦,靳 蓉,陈 敏,等. 儿童塑型性支气管炎早期预警分析及可弯曲支气管镜治疗的临床研究[J]. 中华实用儿科临床杂志2022, (23): 1786-1792.
[1] 薛嘉怡, 王丽, 艾涛. 巨噬细胞在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎中作用机制的研究现状[J]. 中华妇幼临床医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 19(06): 643-648.
[2] 杨梅, 周春, 赵艾红, 王琴. 儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎所致塑型性支气管炎风险列线图模型的构建[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(04): 274-281.
[3] 刘怀彬, 张振坤, 闵婕. 肺炎支原体肺炎患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-6、干扰素-γ水平与病情和肺功能的关系[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(01): 25-32.
[4] 陈洋, 崔湘君, 李敏, 孙迎军. 肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血清淀粉样蛋白A和人软骨糖蛋白-39水平监测及其预测价值[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(05): 323-329.
[5] 关海燕, 高彪. 肺炎支原体肺炎患儿外周血CD64指数、NLR水平与血清MP-IgM抗体滴度的相关性[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(04): 315-320.
[6] 李苑莹, 龚金如, 陈晓璇, 孙瑞琳. 成人肺炎支原体肺炎临床特征分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(02): 223-228.
[7] 朱丽臻, 范文萃, 李梦瑶, 李丽, 张月, 石艳红. 外周血NLRP3、IL-18和IL-1β在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿中的表达及检测意义[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(06): 860-863.
[8] 彭博, 张奕, 朱春梅. 支气管肺泡灌洗液中Th1/Th2、IL-6水平与儿童肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息的相关性分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(02): 212-214.
[9] 崔鑫, 牛俊, 孙鑫, 李文, 徐心坦. 重症肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血清sTREM-1和SP-D的变化及意义[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2022, 15(06): 863-865.
[10] 吴红梅, 叶翠燕. 复方甘草酸苷联合布地奈德雾化治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效分析[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2022, 15(06): 850-852.
[11] 王娟, 李艳红, 郭秋野. 胸部X线评分与儿童及成人肺炎支原体肺炎临床表现的相关性研究[J]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2019, 12(03): 352-354.
[12] 陈旭, 肖翼春, 项霞青. 肺部高频超声与CT扫描对儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的诊断效能对比研究[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(12): 944-947.
[13] 李鹏, 杜园园, 韩素丽, 郭旭霞. 儿童肺炎支原体肺炎感染指标的诊断价值[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(07): 542-545.
[14] 宋金涛. 儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的诊疗进展[J]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(03): 229-231.
阅读次数
全文


摘要